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Amazon·Software Engineer·Online Assessment (OA)·Intermediate

Intermediate
Jun 2026

Summary

Amazon OA for an SWE role, one algorithmic problem on subsequence optimization. Pretty standard competitive programming flavor but the constraint size means you can't brute force it.

Questions Asked (1)

Q1

Given an integer array, find the maximum alternating subsequence sum, where the sum alternates between adding and subtracting elements based on their position in the chosen subsequence.

Algorithms & Data Structures
Author's notes

My first instinct was greedy and I spent a while convincing myself it was correct.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Clarify the problem definition and constraints, then propose a dynamic programming solution that tracks the maximum sum ending at each index with either a positive or negative sign. Explain the recurrence relations and optimize space to O(1) if possible, while analyzing time and space complexity.

Pro tip: Demonstrate Amazon's leadership principles by discussing trade-offs between different approaches and considering edge cases like empty arrays or single elements. Also, mention how you would test the solution and handle large inputs.

1. Clarify the problem

Ask questions to confirm the definition of alternating subsequence, whether the subsequence must be contiguous, and if the first operation is always addition. Also, check constraints on array size and element range.

2. Define the DP state

Let dp_plus[i] be the maximum alternating sum of a subsequence ending at index i where the last operation is addition, and dp_minus[i] where the last operation is subtraction. Initialize with the first element.

3. Derive recurrence relations

For each i, dp_plus[i] = max(dp_plus[i-1], dp_minus[i-1] + arr[i]) and dp_minus[i] = max(dp_minus[i-1], dp_plus[i-1] - arr[i]). Update the global maximum.

4. Optimize space and analyze complexity

Observe that only the previous states are needed, so reduce space to O(1). Time complexity is O(n) and space O(1).

5. Test with examples and edge cases

Walk through examples like [1,2,3] and edge cases like empty array, single element, and all negative numbers to verify correctness.

Key Points to Mention

  • Dynamic programming approach with two states: last operation addition or subtraction.
  • Recurrence relations and how they ensure alternation.
  • Time complexity O(n) and space optimization to O(1).
  • Handling edge cases: empty array, single element, all negatives.
  • Comparison with brute force and why DP is efficient.
  • Potential follow-up: reconstruct the subsequence or handle streaming input.

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.