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Amazon·Software Engineer·Onsite - System Design / Architecture·Senior

Senior
Apr 2026

Summary

Amazon solutions architect interview with a classic distributed systems troubleshooting question. Short session, one scenario-based problem, felt more like a screen than a full design round.

Questions Asked (1)

Q1

You have a web app sitting behind a load balancer with two backend servers. Users are occasionally getting logged out mid-session. What's going on?

System DesignRoot Cause AnalysisTechnical Trade-offs
Author's notes

Jumped straight to session stickiness and they seemed pleased, but I fumbled when they asked me to go further.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Start by restating the problem and identifying the most likely cause: session state not being shared across backend servers. Then walk through the architecture, explain how sticky sessions or a centralized session store would solve it, and discuss trade-offs. Finally, mention how you would diagnose and verify the issue.

Pro tip: Demonstrate that you consider both quick fixes (enabling sticky sessions) and robust long-term solutions (externalizing session state), and tie your answer to Amazon's Leadership Principles like Customer Obsession and Dive Deep.

1. Clarify the scenario

Ask clarifying questions to understand the setup: Is the load balancer using round-robin? Are sessions stored in-memory on each server? What session management is in place?

2. Identify the root cause

Explain that without shared session state, each server has its own session data. When a user's request hits a different server, their session is not recognized, causing a logout.

3. Propose solutions

Discuss two main approaches: sticky sessions (session affinity) at the load balancer, or externalizing session state to a shared store like Redis or a database.

4. Evaluate trade-offs

Compare sticky sessions (simple but can cause uneven load and still fail if a server goes down) vs. centralized session store (more scalable and resilient but adds latency and complexity).

5. Outline diagnosis and verification

Mention how to confirm the issue: check load balancer logs for session stickiness, inspect server logs for session creation, and test with a shared session store to see if the problem persists.

Key Points to Mention

  • Session state management: in-memory vs. centralized store
  • Sticky sessions (session affinity) and their limitations
  • External session store (e.g., Redis, Memcached, DynamoDB)
  • Load balancer algorithms (round-robin, least connections)
  • Scalability and high availability considerations
  • Monitoring and logging for session-related issues

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.