My first instinct was to reach for a hashmap keyed on the pair and just keep a running total, which obviously doesn't account for the sliding part at all.
Clarify requirements and edge cases, then design a solution using a sliding window per (merchant, status) pair with a deque and running sum. Explain how to emit TRIGGER and RESOLVE events when the sum crosses the threshold, and discuss time/space complexity and potential optimizations.
Pro tip: Explicitly discuss how to handle late or out-of-order records, as real-world streams often have delays; mention using a watermark or allowed lateness to maintain correctness.
Ask about window size, threshold T, definition of 'error events', and whether records can be late or out-of-order. Confirm that only error status codes contribute to the sum.
For each (merchant, status) pair, maintain a deque of (timestamp, count) for records within the window and a running sum of error counts. Use a hash map to index these structures.
For each record, add to the appropriate deque and update sum. Evict expired records from the front. After each update, check if sum crosses T and emit TRIGGER or RESOLVE accordingly.
Discuss O(1) amortized time per record and O(N) space. Consider optimizations like lazy deletion or bucketed timestamps for high-throughput scenarios.
Walk through examples, including edge cases like exactly hitting T, multiple triggers/resolves, and late records. Verify correctness and discuss potential pitfalls.
AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.