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Google·Software Engineer·Technical Phone Screen·Intermediate

IntermediatePrefer not to say
Jul 2026

Summary

Google SWE coding round with a list manipulation problem that kept growing in scope. The follow-ups were where things got interesting, or stressful depending on how you look at it.

Questions Asked (1)

Q1

You're given two lists and an integer k. Remove elements from the second list so that its first k elements have no values in common with the first k elements of the first list. Then optimize to O(n) time. Then generalize: given a list of lists, an integer k, and an integer d, ensure that for each list, its first k elements share no values with the first k elements of any of the d lists that came before it.

Algorithms & Data StructuresTechnical Trade-offs
Author's notes

The base case felt manageable.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Start by clarifying the problem and walking through a simple example to confirm understanding. Then propose a straightforward solution using sets, analyze its time complexity, and optimize to O(n) by leveraging hash sets for O(1) lookups. Finally, generalize to multiple lists by maintaining a combined set of forbidden values from the previous d lists.

Pro tip: Explicitly discuss trade-offs between time and space, and mention edge cases like k larger than list length or d larger than the number of previous lists. This shows thoroughness and practical engineering judgment.

1. Clarify and Confirm

Restate the problem in your own words, ask clarifying questions about constraints (e.g., list sizes, value ranges, k and d bounds), and walk through a small example to ensure alignment.

2. Design Initial Solution

Propose a naive approach: for each element in the second list's first k, check against the first list's first k using nested loops. Analyze its O(k^2) time complexity.

3. Optimize to O(n)

Improve by converting the first list's first k elements into a hash set, then iterate through the second list, removing any element found in the set. This achieves O(n) time where n is the length of the second list.

4. Generalize to Multiple Lists

For a list of lists, process each list in order. Maintain a set of forbidden values from the first k elements of the previous d lists. For the current list, remove any of its first k elements that are in the forbidden set, then update the forbidden set with the remaining first k elements.

5. Analyze and Discuss Trade-offs

Analyze time and space complexity of the generalized solution. Discuss potential optimizations, such as using a sliding window for the forbidden set when d is small, and consider edge cases.

Key Points to Mention

  • Use of hash sets for O(1) average-time lookups to achieve O(n) overall time.
  • Time and space complexity analysis for both the simple and generalized solutions.
  • Handling edge cases: k larger than list length, d larger than number of previous lists, empty lists.
  • Trade-offs between time and space, and when to choose different data structures.
  • The importance of in-place modification versus creating new lists, and its impact on space complexity.
  • Potential follow-up: how to handle streaming data or very large lists that don't fit in memory.

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.