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Google·Software Engineer·Onsite - Coding / Algorithms·Intermediate

IntermediatePrefer not to say
Jun 2026

Summary

Google SWE coding round with a big integer subtraction problem. Pretty classic implementation question but the edge cases are where it gets you.

Questions Asked (1)

Q1

Given two non-negative integers represented as strings (possibly with leading zeros), compute their difference and return it as a string. The result should handle negative outputs and must not have leading zeros.

Algorithms & Data Structures
Author's notes

The core logic isn't too bad once you think of it like grade school subtraction, right-align, borrow, repeat.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Clarify that the problem is essentially string-based subtraction, similar to manual subtraction but with possible negative results. Compare the two numbers by length and lexicographic order to determine the sign, then perform subtraction digit by digit from right to left, handling borrows. Finally, strip leading zeros and prepend a minus sign if needed.

Pro tip: Mention that you would first normalize the inputs by stripping leading zeros to simplify comparisons, and use a helper function to subtract the smaller absolute value from the larger to avoid code duplication. Also, discuss edge cases like equal numbers and zero results early to show thoroughness.

1. Clarify and Normalize Inputs

Confirm that inputs are non-negative strings and may have leading zeros. Strip leading zeros from both strings to simplify comparison and subtraction.

2. Determine Sign and Order

Compare the normalized strings by length and lexicographic order to decide which number is larger. This determines the sign of the result and which number to subtract from which.

3. Perform Digit-by-Digit Subtraction

Iterate from the least significant digit to the most significant, subtracting the smaller number from the larger. Maintain a borrow variable and compute each digit as (digitA - borrow - digitB + 10) % 10, updating borrow accordingly.

4. Construct and Format Result

Build the result string by appending digits in reverse order, then strip any leading zeros. If the result is empty, return '0'. If the original larger number was the second input, prepend a minus sign.

5. Test Edge Cases

Verify with cases like equal numbers (result '0'), one number zero, negative results, and inputs with many leading zeros. Ensure no leading zeros in the output except for '0' itself.

Key Points to Mention

  • Handling leading zeros by stripping them before processing
  • Comparing numbers by length and lexicographic order to determine sign
  • Simulating manual subtraction with a borrow variable
  • Building the result in reverse and then reversing or prepending
  • Edge cases: equal numbers, zero result, negative result, and all zeros input
  • Time and space complexity: O(n) time and O(n) space for the result string

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.