The dedup part I figured out pretty fast, just track seen IDs in a set.
Clarify the API's behavior and constraints, then design a solution that leverages the sorted nature of message IDs to deduplicate and merge efficiently. Use a data structure like a balanced BST or a hash set combined with sorting to achieve better than O(M log M) time, possibly by exploiting the fact that each context window is contiguous and sorted.
Pro tip: Mention that if the API returns messages in sorted order, you can merge the sorted lists in O(M) time using a k-way merge, and deduplicate on the fly. Also, consider caching or batching API calls to reduce latency, and discuss trade-offs between time and space.
Ask clarifying questions about the API: Does it return messages sorted by ID? Are the context windows contiguous? What is N? Can we batch requests? This helps determine the optimal approach.
Since IDs are strictly increasing, use a balanced BST (e.g., TreeSet) or a hash set for deduplication, but to achieve better than O(M log M), consider using a boolean array or bitset if ID range is known, or merge sorted lists.
If each context window is sorted, perform a k-way merge using a min-heap of size K (number of IDs) to merge in O(M log K) time. If K is small, this is better than O(M log M). Alternatively, if windows overlap, use interval merging to deduplicate in O(M) time.
Implement the class with methods to fetch and merge. Optimize by batching API calls, caching results, and using efficient data structures. Analyze time and space complexity, ensuring it's better than O(M log M).
Test with edge cases: empty list, overlapping windows, large N. Discuss trade-offs between time and space, and how the solution scales with M and K.
AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.