I went straight to stack-based simplification like I always do for path problems, but the relative path piece tripped me up initially.
Clarify the problem constraints and edge cases first, then propose a stack-based solution that processes the path component by component. Walk through examples to demonstrate handling of dots, double-dots, and slashes, and discuss time/space complexity.
Pro tip: Mention that you can avoid explicit string splitting by using two pointers to parse components on the fly, which reduces memory overhead and shows attention to performance.
Ask about input format, expected output, and specific edge cases like empty path, root path, and paths with only dots. Confirm whether the working directory is always absolute.
Decide to use a stack (or list) to store canonical path components. Explain that you'll process the path from left to right, handling each component based on its value.
If the path is absolute, start with an empty stack; if relative, initialize the stack with the components of the working directory. This ensures correct resolution.
Iterate through the path, splitting by slashes. For each component: ignore empty or '.'; for '..', pop from stack if not empty; otherwise, push the component onto the stack.
Join the stack components with '/' and prepend '/' for absolute paths. Handle the root case (empty stack) by returning '/'.
AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.