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Amazon·Software Engineer·Online Assessment (OA)·Intermediate

Intermediate
Apr 2026

Summary

Amazon SWE coding challenge that was basically one meaty polynomial expansion problem. No behavioral stuff mentioned, just the algorithm.

Questions Asked (1)

Q1

Given a string representing a polynomial expression with two parenthesized factors (e.g. "(2x^2+4)(6x^3+3)"), expand and simplify it into a single polynomial string sorted from highest to lowest exponent, with no spaces or parentheses.

Algorithms & Data StructuresTechnical Trade-offs
Author's notes

This one looks manageable until you sit down and actually try to parse the string.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

First, clarify the input format and constraints, then outline a parsing strategy to extract coefficients and exponents from each factor. Next, describe how to multiply the polynomials term-by-term, combine like terms, and format the result as a string sorted by descending exponent. Finally, discuss edge cases and complexity.

Pro tip: Mention that you would use a hash map (dictionary) to accumulate coefficients by exponent, which simplifies combining like terms and naturally handles missing exponents. Also, proactively discuss how to handle negative signs and zero coefficients.

1. Clarify Requirements and Constraints

Ask about input format (e.g., spaces, negative signs, zero coefficients) and output expectations (e.g., omit zero terms, handle constant terms). Confirm that the polynomial has exactly two factors and that exponents are non-negative integers.

2. Parse Each Factor into Terms

Design a parser that extracts each term's coefficient and exponent from the string. Use regex or manual scanning to handle optional signs, coefficients (including implicit 1), and exponents (including implicit 1 for x).

3. Multiply Polynomials and Combine Like Terms

Use a hash map to accumulate coefficients for each exponent: for each term in the first factor, multiply with each term in the second factor and add to the map. This efficiently combines like terms.

4. Format the Result String

Sort exponents in descending order, skip zero coefficients, and build the string with proper signs and exponents (omitting exponent 1 and coefficient 1 where appropriate). Ensure no spaces or parentheses.

5. Analyze Complexity and Edge Cases

Discuss time complexity O(n*m) where n and m are the number of terms in each factor, and space complexity O(n+m). Mention edge cases like zero polynomial, negative coefficients, and large exponents.

Key Points to Mention

  • Parsing strategy: using regex or state machine to extract coefficient and exponent from each term.
  • Data structure: hash map to accumulate coefficients by exponent for efficient combination.
  • Multiplication: nested loops over terms, multiplying coefficients and adding exponents.
  • String formatting: sorting exponents descending, omitting zero terms, and handling implicit coefficients/exponents.
  • Complexity analysis: O(n*m) time and O(n+m) space, where n and m are term counts.
  • Edge cases: negative signs, zero coefficients, constant terms, and potential integer overflow.

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