Knew the base problem cold so I jumped straight to the single-pass solution with a running minimum.
Start by clarifying the problem and the variation, then explain the standard one-pass solution for the basic version. Adapt your approach to the variation by identifying how it changes the problem constraints and modifying the algorithm accordingly.
Pro tip: Always discuss time and space complexity trade-offs, and mention edge cases like decreasing prices or single-day arrays. This shows thoroughness and practical engineering thinking.
Ask questions to understand the exact variation (e.g., multiple transactions, cooldown, transaction fee) and confirm input/output expectations.
Describe the one-pass approach for the basic 'buy and sell once' problem, tracking minimum price and maximum profit.
Modify the algorithm based on the variation, explaining how the change affects the logic and complexity.
State time and space complexity, and discuss edge cases such as empty array, single element, or strictly decreasing prices.
Walk through a small example to validate the solution and demonstrate correctness.
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