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Amazon·Software Engineer·Online Assessment (OA)·Intermediate

Intermediate
Jun 2026

Summary

Amazon SWE online assessment, one coding problem involving Morse code transformations. Pretty straightforward set theory problem if you know your way around hash sets.

Questions Asked (1)

Q1

Given an array of words, convert each word to its Morse code representation by concatenating the Morse code of each letter. Return the count of distinct Morse code strings produced across all words.

Algorithms & Data Structures
Author's notes

Threw the words into a set after mapping each character to its Morse equivalent and concatenating.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Start by clarifying the problem and edge cases, then propose a solution using a hash set to store unique Morse code strings. For each word, convert it to Morse by mapping each letter via a lookup table, and add the result to the set. Finally, return the set's size.

Pro tip: Mention that the Morse code mapping can be stored in an array of 26 strings for O(1) lookup, and emphasize that the time complexity is O(N*L) where N is the number of words and L is the average word length, which is optimal.

1. Clarify requirements and edge cases

Ask about input constraints (e.g., word length, number of words, character set) and confirm that only lowercase English letters are used. Discuss handling of empty input or empty strings.

2. Design the algorithm

Propose using a set to track distinct Morse representations. For each word, build its Morse string by concatenating the code for each character, then insert into the set.

3. Implement efficiently

Use a precomputed array or hash map for Morse code lookup to ensure O(1) access per character. Iterate through each word and each character, appending to a StringBuilder for efficiency.

4. Analyze complexity

State that time complexity is O(N * L) where N is number of words and L is average length, and space complexity is O(N * L) in the worst case for storing distinct strings.

5. Test with examples

Walk through a small example, such as ['gin', 'zen'], to demonstrate that both map to the same Morse code and the set size is 1. Also test edge cases like empty array or single word.

Key Points to Mention

  • Use a set to automatically handle duplicates and count distinct strings.
  • Precompute Morse code mapping for all 26 letters for O(1) lookup.
  • Time complexity: O(N * L) where N is number of words and L is average word length.
  • Space complexity: O(N * L) for storing distinct Morse strings in the set.
  • Edge cases: empty input array, words with different lengths, and words that produce identical Morse code.
  • Use StringBuilder for efficient string concatenation within the loop.

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.