The running balance part was fine, I got that pretty fast.
Clarify the problem constraints and edge cases, then propose a single-pass O(N) solution using a hash map to track each account's balance and a running total of outstanding loans. Simulate transactions in timestamp order, applying the platform loan rule when a balance would go negative, and update the maximum borrowed amount.
Pro tip: Emphasize that the platform account itself is not subject to the loan rule, and that the maximum borrowed is tracked as a running sum of all outstanding loans, not per-account. This shows attention to detail and avoids a common pitfall.
Ask about input format, timestamp ordering guarantees, currency handling, and whether the platform account can have a negative balance. Confirm that the loan is triggered only when a non-platform account's balance would drop below zero.
Use a hash map to store the current balance for each account, and maintain a running total of outstanding loans (total borrowed) and the maximum of this total seen so far.
For each transaction, update the account's balance. If the account is not the platform and the new balance would be negative, calculate the loan amount needed to bring it to zero, add that to the total borrowed, and update the account balance to zero.
After each transaction, compare the current total borrowed with the maximum seen so far and update the maximum if needed. This captures the peak at any point in time.
After processing all transactions, return the maximum total borrowed and the final balance for every account (including the platform account, which may have a negative balance representing total loans outstanding).
AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.