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Google·Software Engineer·Onsite - System Design / Architecture·Senior

SeniorPrefer not to say
May 2026

Summary

Google system design round for an engineering manager role, one question about building a sentence autocomplete system like the kind you'd see in Gmail or Docs. Pretty open-ended, which I wasn't fully prepared for.

Questions Asked (1)

Q1

Design a sentence autocomplete suggestion system. For example, given the input 'I hope you feel', the system should suggest a completion like 'better soon'. Think about how this works in products like Gmail or Google Docs.

System DesignTechnical Trade-offsAlgorithms & Data Structures
Author's notes

I started with the obvious stuff, n-gram language models, prefix trees, that kind of thing, but pretty quickly realized the scope was way bigger than I'd framed it.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Start by clarifying requirements and scale, then outline a high-level architecture that separates offline model training from online serving. Focus on the core components: candidate generation, ranking, and latency optimization, while discussing trade-offs between model complexity and response time.

Pro tip: Emphasize the importance of latency and personalization: users expect suggestions in milliseconds, so caching and efficient data structures are critical. Also, mention how you would handle cold-start and privacy concerns, as these are often overlooked.

1. Clarify Requirements and Scope

Ask about expected scale (QPS, latency), data sources (user history, global corpus), and privacy constraints. Define success metrics like suggestion acceptance rate.

2. High-Level Architecture

Propose a two-part system: offline training of language models (e.g., n-gram, neural) and online serving with a fast lookup. Include components like candidate generator, ranker, and cache.

3. Candidate Generation and Ranking

Describe how to generate candidates efficiently (e.g., trie, inverted index, or neural beam search) and rank them using a lightweight model (e.g., logistic regression or small neural net) to balance quality and latency.

4. Latency and Scalability Considerations

Discuss techniques like caching frequent prefixes, sharding, and using approximate nearest neighbor search. Mention trade-offs between model size and inference speed.

5. Evaluation and Iteration

Explain how to evaluate offline (perplexity, BLEU) and online (A/B testing, acceptance rate). Mention monitoring and continuous improvement.

Key Points to Mention

  • Use of n-gram models vs. neural language models (e.g., RNNs, Transformers) and their trade-offs in latency and quality.
  • Data structures for fast prefix lookup: trie, finite state transducers, or key-value stores.
  • Personalization: incorporating user history and context while respecting privacy.
  • Caching strategies: memoization of frequent prefixes and results.
  • Handling scale: distributed serving, sharding, and load balancing.
  • Evaluation metrics: offline (perplexity, recall@k) and online (acceptance rate, latency).

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.