← Databricks Interview Insights

Databricks·Software Engineer·Onsite - System Design / Architecture·Senior

SeniorPrefer not to say
Apr 2026

Summary

Databricks system design round, and they went straight for a distributed file system from scratch. Pretty deep dive covering everything from metadata services to garbage collection. Felt like a lot of ground to cover in one session.

Questions Asked (1)

Q1

Design a distributed file system that exposes CRUD APIs (including delete) and scales horizontally.

System DesignTechnical Trade-offsAPI & Integrations
Author's notes

I started with functional requirements which felt right but I spent too long on the basics like open/read/write and didn't get to the interesting stuff fast enough.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Start by clarifying requirements (file sizes, consistency, durability, access patterns) and then propose a high-level architecture with a metadata service and data storage layer. Explain how each CRUD operation works, how horizontal scaling is achieved via sharding and replication, and discuss trade-offs like consistency vs. availability and metadata bottlenecks.

Pro tip: Emphasize the separation of metadata and data, and discuss how to handle large files with chunking and erasure coding for durability. Also, mention real-world systems like HDFS, GFS, or S3 to ground your design.

1. Clarify Requirements and Assumptions

Ask about expected file sizes, read/write ratios, consistency requirements, durability, and scale (number of files, total storage). State your assumptions clearly.

2. High-Level Architecture

Propose a distributed architecture with separate metadata and data layers. Metadata service manages file hierarchy, permissions, and chunk locations; data nodes store file chunks.

3. Design CRUD APIs

Define APIs for Create (upload), Read (download), Update (append/overwrite), and Delete. Explain how each operation interacts with metadata and data nodes, including chunking and replication.

4. Scaling and Fault Tolerance

Describe horizontal scaling via sharding metadata (e.g., by namespace) and adding data nodes. Discuss replication, erasure coding, and consistency models (e.g., eventual vs. strong).

5. Trade-offs and Optimizations

Discuss trade-offs: consistency vs. availability, metadata bottleneck, small files problem. Mention optimizations like caching, batching, and garbage collection for deletes.

Key Points to Mention

  • Separation of metadata and data (control plane vs. data plane)
  • Chunking large files and storing chunks on multiple data nodes
  • Replication and erasure coding for durability and availability
  • Consistency models: strong vs. eventual, and how they affect CRUD operations
  • Horizontal scaling: sharding metadata, adding data nodes, and load balancing
  • Handling deletes: soft delete, garbage collection, and tombstoning

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.