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Anthropic·Backend Engineer·Onsite - Coding / Algorithms·Senior

SeniorRejected
May 2026

Summary

Interviewed for a backend engineer role at Anthropic and got rejected after a coding round that went sideways almost immediately. The recruiter said it would test concurrency, I prepped accordingly, and then the interviewer gave me a web crawler problem and never let me get to the concurrent part.

Questions Asked (4)

Q1

Implement a web crawler, starting with a single-threaded version.

Algorithms & Data StructuresSystem DesignTechnical Trade-offs
Author's notes

I came in expecting a concurrency question, recruiter literally told me that's what they'd assess.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Start by clarifying requirements (scope, politeness, data extraction) and then design a single-threaded crawler with a clear pipeline: URL frontier, fetcher, parser, and storage. Walk through the implementation, emphasizing correctness, robustness, and extensibility to multi-threading.

Pro tip: Mention that you would use a politeness policy (e.g., robots.txt and rate limiting) even in the single-threaded version, as it shows production awareness and sets the stage for scaling.

1. Clarify Requirements

Ask about scope (domain restrictions, depth), politeness (robots.txt, rate limits), and data to extract. Confirm single-threaded for now but note future scaling.

2. Design Components

Outline the main components: URL frontier (queue), fetcher (HTTP client), parser (HTML parser), and storage (visited set, output). Explain how they interact.

3. Implement Core Logic

Describe the crawl loop: dequeue URL, check if visited, fetch page, parse for links and data, enqueue new URLs, store results. Handle errors and retries.

4. Address Politeness and Robustness

Incorporate robots.txt checking, rate limiting, and error handling (timeouts, HTTP errors). Discuss deduplication and normalization of URLs.

5. Discuss Extensibility

Explain how to extend to multi-threading (e.g., thread-safe queue, worker pool) and mention trade-offs like concurrency control and politeness.

Key Points to Mention

  • URL frontier management (queue, priority, or BFS)
  • Visited set for deduplication (using hashing or bloom filter)
  • Politeness: robots.txt parsing, crawl-delay, rate limiting
  • HTML parsing and link extraction (using libraries like BeautifulSoup or regex)
  • Error handling and retries (timeouts, HTTP status codes)
  • Scalability considerations for multi-threading (thread-safe data structures, concurrency)

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.

Q2

Before coding a web crawler, how do you clarify requirements and edge cases such as URL normalization, fragment handling, scheme filtering, and stopping conditions?

Adaptability & AmbiguitySystem Design
Author's notes

I skipped most of this because I was nervous about looking slow or like I'd just memorized a template answer for a classic problem.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Start by framing the problem: clarify the crawler's purpose, scope, and constraints with the interviewer. Then systematically walk through key dimensions—URL normalization, fragment handling, scheme filtering, and stopping conditions—proposing sensible defaults while noting trade-offs and asking for confirmation.

Pro tip: Demonstrate pragmatism by suggesting a 'crawl frontier' with a visited set and robots.txt compliance, and mention that you'd log decisions for observability. This shows you balance correctness with operational concerns.

1. Clarify Purpose and Scope

Ask what the crawler is for (e.g., indexing, monitoring, data extraction) and its boundaries (domains, depth, rate limits). This determines which edge cases matter most.

2. Define URL Normalization Rules

Discuss standardizing URLs: lowercasing scheme/host, removing default ports, resolving dot-segments, sorting query parameters, and handling percent-encoding. Propose a canonical form to avoid duplicates.

3. Handle Fragments and Schemes

Decide whether to strip fragments (usually yes, as they don't affect server content) and which schemes to allow (http/https only, or also ftp, mailto). Explain the rationale.

4. Establish Stopping Conditions

Define when to stop: max pages, max depth, time limit, no new links, or error thresholds. Discuss how to detect and handle cycles and traps.

5. Confirm and Iterate

Summarize assumptions and ask for feedback. Suggest starting with a minimal viable crawler and adding complexity as needed, emphasizing testability.

Key Points to Mention

  • URL normalization: lowercasing scheme/host, removing default ports, resolving dot-segments, sorting query params, and consistent percent-encoding.
  • Fragment handling: typically strip fragments (#section) because they don't change server response, but note exceptions like single-page apps.
  • Scheme filtering: allow only http/https by default; consider excluding mailto, javascript, tel, and data URIs.
  • Stopping conditions: max pages, max depth, time budget, no new URLs, and error rate thresholds; also respect robots.txt and crawl-delay.
  • Duplicate detection: use a visited set with normalized URLs; consider Bloom filters for large-scale crawls.
  • Politeness and ethics: rate limiting, user-agent identification, and robots.txt compliance.

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.

Q3

How do you handle it when the interviewer's language preference conflicts with your chosen language mid-interview?

Adaptability & Ambiguity
Author's notes

Didn't handle it well.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Acknowledge the interviewer's language preference gracefully and adapt immediately, while briefly noting your own preference for clarity. Frame it as a collaborative adjustment that ensures mutual understanding and keeps the focus on problem-solving.

Pro tip: Proactively ask which language the interviewer prefers at the start of the interview, or if the switch happens mid-way, mirror their choice and then confirm key points in both languages to avoid miscommunication.

1. Acknowledge and Adapt

Immediately accept the interviewer's language preference without resistance. Say something like, 'Of course, I'm happy to continue in [their language].'

2. Clarify and Confirm

Briefly restate the current topic or question in the new language to ensure you understood correctly. Ask for confirmation if needed.

3. Maintain Technical Accuracy

Continue explaining your backend engineering concepts clearly, using terms that are standard in the new language. If unsure of a term, describe it.

4. Check for Understanding

Periodically ask if the interviewer is following your explanation, and invite them to correct or guide you if needed.

5. Reflect and Learn

After the interview, note the experience as a lesson in adaptability. Consider practicing technical interviews in multiple languages.

Key Points to Mention

  • Flexibility and adaptability to changing circumstances
  • Effective communication across language barriers
  • Focus on problem-solving over language preference
  • Respect for the interviewer's comfort and clarity
  • Ability to switch context without losing technical depth
  • Proactive clarification to avoid misunderstandings

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.

Q4

Is it worth sending post-interview feedback or an appeal after a rejection where the interview conditions seemed misaligned with what was communicated beforehand?

Adaptability & AmbiguityStakeholder Management
Author's notes

I did send a note to the recruiter, kept it factual: the prep I'd done based on their guidance, what actually happened in the room, and that I'd have liked a chance to show the concurrent implementation.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Acknowledge the frustration but emphasize a professional, objective approach: first seek clarification on the misalignment, then decide whether to provide feedback or appeal based on the response and your goals. Focus on maintaining relationships and learning, not on reversing the decision.

Pro tip: If you do send feedback, frame it as a request for clarification or a desire to improve, not as a complaint. This shows emotional intelligence and keeps the door open for future opportunities.

1. Assess the situation objectively

Determine if the misalignment was a genuine misunderstanding or a deliberate change. Consider if providing feedback could benefit you or the company.

2. Seek clarification first

Reach out to the recruiter or hiring manager to politely ask for clarification on the interview process and any discrepancies. This can resolve issues without formal feedback.

3. Decide on feedback vs. appeal

If clarification doesn't resolve concerns, decide whether to provide constructive feedback or a formal appeal. Appeals are rarely successful but may be warranted if there was a clear procedural error.

4. Communicate professionally

If you proceed, write a concise, respectful message focusing on facts and your interest in the role. Avoid blaming or emotional language.

5. Learn and move forward

Regardless of outcome, reflect on the experience and use it to improve future interviews. Maintain a positive relationship with the company.

Key Points to Mention

  • Professionalism and emotional intelligence in handling rejection
  • The importance of seeking clarification before escalating
  • Constructive feedback vs. formal appeal: when each is appropriate
  • Maintaining a positive relationship for future opportunities
  • Focusing on learning and self-improvement
  • Understanding company culture and hiring processes

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.