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Roblox·Data Scientist·Technical Phone Screen·Senior

Senior
May 2026

Summary

Roblox data science interview with a deep experimentation design question around social graph interference. One question, very technical, clearly aimed at senior-level candidates who've actually run clustered experiments before.

Questions Asked (1)

Q1

You're launching a feature that boosts feed content when friends interact with it. Because interactions spread through the social graph, standard user-level A/B randomization breaks down. How would you design an experiment that actually gives you a credible causal estimate? Walk through your randomization strategy, metrics, power calculations, analysis approach, and what you'd do if contamination gets out of hand mid-test.

A/B Testing & ExperimentationProduct Analytics & MetricsSystem Design
Author's notes

This is a five-part question dressed up as one question, which I did not fully appreciate until I was three minutes into talking about Louvain clustering and realized I hadn't even touched metrics yet.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Acknowledge that standard user-level randomization fails due to interference, then propose cluster-based randomization (e.g., by social community or graph partition) to contain spillover. Walk through the design choices, metrics, power analysis, and analysis methods, and discuss mitigation strategies for contamination.

Pro tip: Emphasize that the choice of cluster definition should balance interference reduction with statistical power, and consider using a switchback or ego-cluster design if graph clustering is too complex. Also, pre-register the analysis plan to avoid p-hacking.

1. Identify interference and choose randomization unit

Recognize that interactions create spillover, so randomize at a level that contains interference, such as social communities, graph partitions, or ego-networks. Justify the choice based on the social graph structure and expected effect size.

2. Define metrics and power calculations

Select primary metrics (e.g., engagement, retention) and guardrail metrics. Compute power using cluster-level variance, accounting for intra-cluster correlation (ICC) and design effect. Determine the number of clusters needed.

3. Design and run the experiment

Implement cluster randomization, ensuring balanced clusters via stratification or matching. Monitor contamination (e.g., cross-cluster interactions) and consider techniques like graph cuts or temporal separation to minimize it.

4. Analyze with appropriate methods

Use cluster-robust standard errors, mixed-effects models, or synthetic control to estimate causal effects. If contamination is present, consider instrumental variables or exposure-based analysis.

5. Mitigate contamination mid-test

If contamination exceeds threshold, pause the test, re-randomize, or switch to a switchback design. Alternatively, use a holdout group or adjust analysis to account for spillover.

Key Points to Mention

  • Cluster randomization (e.g., by social community or graph partition) to contain interference
  • Power analysis with design effect and intra-cluster correlation (ICC)
  • Use of cluster-robust standard errors or mixed-effects models
  • Monitoring contamination via cross-cluster interaction rates
  • Fallback strategies: switchback design, ego-cluster randomization, or holdout groups
  • Pre-registration of analysis plan to ensure credibility

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.