I went with separate chaining because it felt safer to reason about under pressure, but the interviewer pushed back pretty hard asking why not open addressing, what the cache behavior difference is, and whether I'd change my answer for a memory-constrained environment.
Start by outlining the core components: an array of buckets, a hash function, and a collision resolution strategy. Then, implement the required operations with careful attention to resizing and load factor, and finally analyze the amortized time complexity of each operation.
Pro tip: Mention that you would use a prime number for the bucket count to reduce clustering, and discuss how Swift's built-in hashValue can be used but is not guaranteed stable across runs, so you might want to implement your own hash for consistency.
Choose an array of buckets, where each bucket is a linked list (separate chaining) or use open addressing. Explain your choice and its implications.
Write methods for subscript get/set, insert, delete, and lookup. Ensure they handle collisions and updates correctly.
Decide on a load factor threshold (e.g., 0.75) and describe how to resize the bucket array and rehash all existing keys when the threshold is exceeded.
Provide a way to iterate over all key-value pairs, such as by conforming to Sequence and implementing a custom iterator that traverses buckets.
Discuss the average and worst-case time complexities for each operation, emphasizing amortized O(1) for insertions and deletions due to resizing.
AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.