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Uber·Data Scientist·Onsite - Product Sense / Strategy·Senior

Senior
Jun 2026

Summary

Uber DS onsite with a deep metrics design question for a rides marketplace. The whole thing was one long problem and they kept pushing for more rigor than I expected.

Questions Asked (3)

Q1

Design a suite of metrics that captures rider experience in a rides marketplace purely from a supply-demand perspective, excluding app UI and vehicle quality. Then propose a single composite index with an explicit formula and weights.

Product Analytics & MetricsProduct Sense & IdeationData Modeling
Author's notes

This one took me a while to even understand what they were really asking.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Start by defining the rider experience in terms of supply-demand dynamics: availability, reliability, and efficiency. Then propose metrics for each dimension, ensuring they are measurable and actionable. Finally, design a composite index with clear weights, justifying them based on business priorities and rider sensitivity.

Pro tip: When proposing weights, anchor them to a known business objective (e.g., reducing wait time) and mention that weights can be tuned via rider surveys or A/B tests to reflect actual rider preferences.

1. Define Key Dimensions

Identify the core aspects of rider experience influenced by supply-demand: availability (can riders get a ride?), reliability (is the ride on time?), and efficiency (how quickly and cheaply?).

2. Propose Metrics per Dimension

For each dimension, select 1-2 metrics that are directly tied to supply-demand. For example, availability: match rate; reliability: pickup ETA and cancellation rate; efficiency: surge multiplier and wait time.

3. Normalize and Weight Metrics

Normalize each metric to a 0-1 scale (e.g., using min-max or percentile) and assign weights based on importance. Weights can be derived from rider surveys or business KPIs.

4. Construct Composite Index

Combine weighted normalized metrics into a single index. For example: Rider Experience Index = w1*MatchRate + w2*(1 - PickupETA_norm) + w3*(1 - CancellationRate) + w4*(1 - SurgeMultiplier_norm).

5. Validate and Iterate

Validate the index by correlating with rider satisfaction scores or retention. Iterate on weights and metrics based on feedback and changing business goals.

Key Points to Mention

  • Match rate (percentage of ride requests fulfilled) as a key availability metric.
  • Pickup ETA and wait time as reliability metrics reflecting supply-demand balance.
  • Cancellation rate (by riders or drivers) as a reliability and availability indicator.
  • Surge multiplier as a proxy for supply-demand imbalance and its impact on rider cost perception.
  • Normalization techniques (e.g., min-max scaling) to combine metrics on different scales.
  • Weighting scheme justified by business priorities or rider preference data.

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.

Q2

How would you define censoring rules for unfulfilled ride requests, and how do you handle exclusions like holidays or platform outages in your metric calculations?

Product Analytics & MetricsA/B Testing & ExperimentationData Modeling
Author's notes

Censoring came up as a follow-up and I was actually more comfortable here.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Start by clarifying the business context and the specific metric (e.g., unfulfilled ride rate) and its impact on user experience and marketplace health. Then, outline a principled approach to defining censoring rules that distinguish between true demand-supply mismatches and data quality issues, and explain how to handle exclusions like holidays or outages through robust data flags and sensitivity analyses.

Pro tip: Emphasize that censoring rules should be defined before analysis to avoid bias, and always quantify the impact of exclusions by comparing metrics with and without them. This shows rigor and prevents stakeholders from questioning the validity of your results.

1. Clarify the metric and business context

Define what 'unfulfilled ride requests' means (e.g., no driver found, rider canceled, etc.) and why it matters for Uber's marketplace. Discuss how censoring rules affect metric interpretation and business decisions.

2. Define censoring criteria

Establish rules to exclude requests that are not valid measures of unmet demand, such as requests from fraudulent accounts, test accounts, or those canceled by riders within a short window. Consider time-based censoring (e.g., requests older than X minutes) to focus on actionable failures.

3. Identify and flag exclusions

Create flags for holidays, platform outages, and other anomalies using historical data or external calendars. Decide whether to exclude these periods entirely or adjust metrics (e.g., using robust statistical methods) to account for them.

4. Implement and monitor

Apply censoring rules in data pipelines, ensuring they are reproducible and documented. Monitor the impact of exclusions on key metrics and set up alerts for unexpected changes.

5. Validate and communicate

Perform sensitivity analyses to show how exclusions affect conclusions. Communicate the rationale and impact to stakeholders, and be transparent about limitations.

Key Points to Mention

  • Differentiate between true unmet demand and data noise (e.g., rider cancellations, app errors).
  • Use a pre-defined, consistent censoring window (e.g., 5 minutes) to avoid arbitrary exclusions.
  • Flag holidays and outages using external data sources and internal logs, and consider their duration and impact.
  • Apply robust statistical methods (e.g., winsorizing, median-based metrics) to mitigate outlier effects.
  • Conduct sensitivity analyses to quantify the impact of exclusions on metrics and business insights.
  • Document and automate censoring rules to ensure reproducibility and scalability across teams.

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.

Q3

Describe how you would backtest your proposed metric suite to show it responds to supply and demand shocks but stays stable during UI-only changes.

A/B Testing & ExperimentationProduct Analytics & MetricsRoot Cause Analysis
Author's notes

Honestly the part I felt weakest on.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Start by defining the metric suite and the expected behavior under supply/demand shocks versus UI-only changes. Then outline a backtesting plan using historical data and synthetic experiments to validate sensitivity and stability, emphasizing statistical rigor and practical constraints.

Pro tip: Use real historical shocks (e.g., weather events, promotions) as natural experiments to test sensitivity, and leverage A/A tests or placebo interventions to check stability. This demonstrates you can work with messy real-world data while maintaining scientific rigor.

1. Define expected metric behavior

Clearly specify which metrics should respond to supply/demand shocks (e.g., completed trips, ETAs) and which should remain stable during UI-only changes (e.g., conversion rate, session length).

2. Identify historical shocks and UI changes

Gather historical data on supply/demand shocks (e.g., surge pricing, driver strikes, weather) and UI-only changes (e.g., button color, layout) to use as test cases.

3. Design backtesting methodology

For shocks, compare metric values before/during/after using statistical tests (e.g., t-test, CUSUM) to confirm significant changes. For UI changes, use A/A tests or placebo tests to ensure metrics remain stable.

4. Simulate with synthetic data

Generate synthetic data where you control supply/demand and UI effects to stress-test the metric suite under various scenarios, including edge cases.

5. Evaluate and iterate

Assess sensitivity (true positive rate for shocks) and specificity (true negative rate for UI changes), and refine metrics if they fail to meet criteria.

Key Points to Mention

  • Use of historical natural experiments (e.g., weather events, promotions) to test sensitivity.
  • A/A tests or placebo interventions to verify stability during UI-only changes.
  • Statistical power and sample size considerations for reliable backtesting.
  • Synthetic data generation to simulate controlled shocks and UI changes.
  • Metric validation criteria: sensitivity, specificity, and robustness.
  • Practical constraints: data availability, confounding factors, and business impact.

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.