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Jane Street·Software Engineer·Technical Phone Screen·Intermediate

Intermediate
Jun 2026

Summary

Jane Street SWE interview with a tree parsing and decryption problem. Fairly involved for a single question but the kind of thing Jane Street is known for throwing at you.

Questions Asked (1)

Q1

Given a substitution cipher key and a pre-order serialized tree string, decode the tree and return it as nested lists where each node contains its decrypted paragraph text and an ordered list of children.

Algorithms & Data StructuresTechnical Trade-offs
Author's notes

Two things happening at once here: reversing the cipher and parsing the serialized tree structure.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

First, clarify the serialization format and cipher details, then design a recursive parser that builds the tree while decrypting each node's text. Use a stack or recursion to handle pre-order traversal, ensuring children are ordered correctly. Finally, convert the tree to nested lists and test with edge cases.

Pro tip: Discuss how you would handle malformed input or ambiguous serialization, and mention that you'd write unit tests for edge cases like empty trees or single nodes. This shows attention to robustness and quality.

1. Clarify the problem

Ask questions to confirm the exact serialization format (e.g., how nodes and children are delimited) and the substitution cipher mapping (e.g., is it a simple shift or a full mapping?).

2. Design the parser

Outline a recursive descent parser or an iterative stack-based approach that reads the pre-order string and constructs the tree, decrypting each node's text as it is parsed.

3. Handle decryption

Apply the substitution cipher to each node's text, ensuring that the decryption is done correctly and efficiently, possibly using a precomputed mapping.

4. Convert to nested lists

Traverse the constructed tree and produce the required nested list representation, where each node is a list containing its decrypted text and a list of its children.

5. Test and validate

Walk through examples, including edge cases (empty string, single node, deep tree), and discuss how to handle errors or malformed input.

Key Points to Mention

  • Pre-order traversal and how it maps to tree construction
  • Recursive vs. iterative parsing (stack-based) trade-offs
  • Substitution cipher decryption and efficient mapping
  • Handling delimiters and escaping in serialization
  • Time and space complexity analysis
  • Edge cases: empty tree, single node, unbalanced tree

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.