← Amazon Interview Insights

Amazon·Software Engineer·Online Assessment (OA)·Intermediate

Intermediate
Apr 2026

Summary

Amazon OA for a SWE role. One algorithmic problem, the kind where the setup takes longer to read than the actual solution probably should. Left feeling uncertain about edge cases.

Questions Asked (1)

Q1

Given an array of warehouse capacities and a list of shipments each requiring a minimum main warehouse capacity and a minimum combined backup capacity, find the minimum tokens (each token adds 1 unit of capacity to any warehouse) needed per shipment. Costs reset between shipments, and excess main warehouse capacity cannot spill over into the backup total.

Algorithms & Data Structures
Author's notes

The problem statement is dense.

Create a free account to read the full note

AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Clarify the problem constraints and define the cost function for a single shipment, then generalize to multiple shipments. For each shipment, compute the minimum tokens by considering the trade-off between adding capacity to the main warehouse versus the backup warehouses, ensuring the main capacity requirement is met first and excess does not count toward backup. Use a greedy or binary search approach to find the optimal allocation.

Pro tip: Demonstrate awareness of edge cases such as when the main warehouse already meets the requirement or when backup capacity is distributed across multiple warehouses. Also, mention that since costs reset, each shipment is independent, so you can solve each in isolation.

1. Clarify the problem

Restate the problem in your own words and ask clarifying questions to ensure you understand the inputs, outputs, and constraints. Confirm that each token adds 1 unit to any warehouse, costs reset per shipment, and excess main capacity cannot be used for backup.

2. Define the cost for one shipment

For a single shipment, determine the minimum tokens needed. Let the main warehouse have current capacity C_main and required minimum R_main. If C_main < R_main, you must add at least R_main - C_main tokens to the main warehouse. Then, for backup, you need the sum of capacities of all other warehouses to be at least R_backup. If the current sum is S_backup, you need max(0, R_backup - S_backup) additional tokens distributed among backup warehouses. The total tokens is the sum of these two amounts, but note that adding tokens to the main warehouse beyond R_main does not help backup.

3. Consider optimization opportunities

Check if there is a scenario where adding more than the minimum to the main warehouse could reduce total tokens? Since excess main capacity cannot spill over, adding extra to main never helps backup. However, if the main warehouse is also part of the backup set? Typically, the main warehouse is separate from backup warehouses. Clarify this. If the main warehouse is included in the backup sum, then adding to main could help both, but the problem states 'excess main warehouse capacity cannot spill over into the backup total', implying main is separate. So the minimal tokens is simply the sum of deficits.

4. Handle multiple shipments

Since costs reset between shipments, process each shipment independently. For each shipment, compute the tokens as described and sum them? Wait, the question asks for 'minimum tokens needed per shipment', so likely output an array of tokens per shipment. Clarify if total tokens across all shipments is needed or per shipment. The phrasing 'per shipment' suggests per shipment. So for each shipment, compute the minimum tokens and return a list.

5. Test with examples and edge cases

Walk through a simple example to verify your logic. Consider edge cases: main capacity already sufficient, backup sum already sufficient, zero capacities, large numbers. Ensure your solution handles these efficiently.

Key Points to Mention

  • Independence of shipments due to cost reset
  • Separate handling of main and backup capacity requirements
  • No spillover from main to backup
  • Greedy approach: add only the minimum required to each category
  • Time complexity: O(n) per shipment if summing backup capacities, or O(1) if precomputed
  • Clarify whether main warehouse is included in backup sum (likely not)

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.