Spent the first few minutes just clarifying scope because 'banking system' could mean a lot of things.
Start by clarifying requirements and constraints, then design a high-level architecture that separates concerns (e.g., API layer, service layer, data layer). Focus on core operations (deposit, withdraw, transfer, balance) and discuss data consistency, concurrency, and scalability trade-offs.
Pro tip: Demonstrate awareness of real-world banking constraints like ACID transactions and idempotency, and proactively discuss how you'd handle failures and ensure data integrity.
Ask questions to understand scope: expected scale (users, transactions per second), consistency requirements (strong vs eventual), and whether this is a single-node or distributed system.
Outline the main entities (Account, Transaction) and their attributes (account ID, balance, transaction ID, timestamp, status). Consider using a ledger-based approach for auditability.
Define RESTful endpoints or RPC methods for deposit, withdraw, transfer, and getBalance. Describe how the service layer orchestrates operations, validates inputs, and enforces business rules.
Explain how to handle concurrent operations (e.g., locking, optimistic concurrency, or serializable transactions) to prevent race conditions and ensure balance accuracy.
Talk about scaling reads/writes (e.g., sharding by account ID, caching balances), and trade-offs between consistency, availability, and latency (CAP theorem).
AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.