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Fortinet·Software Engineer·Technical Phone Screen·Intermediate

Intermediate
May 2026

Summary

Fortinet software engineer interview, got hit with a linked list reversal problem and had to do both iterative and recursive versions. Pretty standard stuff but the dual-implementation requirement tripped me up a bit under pressure.

Questions Asked (1)

Q1

Reverse a singly linked list and return the new head. Implement both an iterative solution using O(1) extra space and a recursive solution.

Algorithms & Data Structures
Author's notes

The iterative part was fine, three pointers, done.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Start by clarifying the problem and edge cases, then implement the iterative solution with three pointers (prev, curr, next), and finally implement the recursive solution with a clear base case. Explain the time and space complexity of each approach and discuss trade-offs.

Pro tip: Mention that the recursive solution uses O(n) stack space, which can cause stack overflow for large lists, so the iterative solution is preferred in production. Also, handle edge cases like empty list and single node explicitly.

1. Clarify requirements and edge cases

Ask if the list is singly linked, if we need to handle empty list, and if we can modify the list in place. Confirm that we should return the new head.

2. Implement iterative solution

Use three pointers: prev (initially null), curr (head), and next. Iterate through the list, reversing the next pointer of each node, and finally return prev as the new head.

3. Implement recursive solution

Base case: if head is null or head.next is null, return head. Recursively reverse the rest of the list, then set head.next.next = head and head.next = null, returning the new head from the recursion.

4. Analyze complexity and trade-offs

Iterative: O(n) time, O(1) space. Recursive: O(n) time, O(n) space due to call stack. Discuss when to use each.

Key Points to Mention

  • Iterative approach uses three pointers and reverses links in place.
  • Recursive approach uses the call stack and reverses links on the way back.
  • Time complexity is O(n) for both; iterative space is O(1), recursive is O(n).
  • Edge cases: empty list, single node, and list with two nodes.
  • Recursive solution may cause stack overflow for large lists.
  • Return the new head (prev in iterative, the recursive call's return in recursive).

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.