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Amazon·Software Engineer·Online Assessment (OA)·Intermediate

Intermediate
Apr 2026

Summary

Amazon SWE online assessment with a log analysis problem involving interval queries. Nothing too wild but the edge cases in the problem statement are easy to miss if you're moving fast.

Questions Asked (1)

Q1

Given a list of skill IDs and timestamps representing request logs, and a time window, for each query time determine how many skills received zero requests in the interval [queryTime - timeWindow, queryTime]. Return an array of counts.

Algorithms & Data Structures
Author's notes

The problem reads straightforward until you realize you need to handle skills that never appear in the logs at all.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Clarify the problem constraints (e.g., number of skills, number of queries, time range) and then design an efficient solution. Use a sliding window or binary search over sorted timestamps to count distinct skills with at least one request in each interval, then subtract from the total number of skills to get zero-request counts.

Pro tip: Mention that you would preprocess the request logs by grouping timestamps per skill and sorting them, enabling O(log n) per query. Also discuss trade-offs between offline sorting and online processing, and handle edge cases like empty intervals or skills with no requests.

1. Clarify requirements and constraints

Ask about the range of skill IDs, number of requests, number of queries, time window size, and whether timestamps are sorted. Confirm the definition of 'zero requests' (no request for that skill in the interval).

2. Choose data structures and preprocessing

Group request timestamps by skill ID into sorted lists. Determine the total number of unique skills. Consider using a sliding window over time if queries are sorted, or binary search for each query.

3. Design the counting algorithm

For each query, compute the interval [queryTime - timeWindow, queryTime]. Count how many distinct skills have at least one timestamp in that interval. Subtract from total skills to get zero-request count.

4. Optimize for multiple queries

If many queries, sort them and use a sliding window with a frequency map to maintain the count of active skills, updating as the window moves. Alternatively, use binary search per skill per query if queries are few.

5. Analyze complexity and edge cases

Discuss time and space complexity. Handle edge cases: empty request list, skills with no requests, queries before any request, and overlapping intervals.

Key Points to Mention

  • Total number of unique skills must be known to compute zero-request counts.
  • Efficient counting of distinct skills in a time interval using sorted timestamps and binary search or sliding window.
  • Trade-offs between per-query binary search (O(Q * S log R)) and sliding window (O(R log R + Q log Q) after sorting).
  • Handling skills that never appear in the request logs (always zero).
  • Edge cases: empty intervals, queries with no requests, and large time windows covering all requests.
  • Potential use of a segment tree or Fenwick tree for dynamic updates if requests are streaming.

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.