Start by clarifying the scope of the mini compiler (e.g., expression evaluator, dependency resolver, or simple language) and then outline the phases: lexing, parsing, semantic analysis, and code generation. Explain how topological sort fits in—likely for ordering dependencies such as variable declarations, function calls, or instruction scheduling—and then walk through a concrete example.
Pro tip: Mention that topological sort also detects cycles (e.g., circular dependencies), which is crucial for error reporting in compilers; this shows you understand both the algorithm and its practical application.
Ask questions to define the compiler's scope: what language features, input/output format, and where topological sort is needed (e.g., dependency graph of symbols or instructions).
Outline the stages: lexer, parser, semantic analyzer, and code generator. Explain how each stage transforms the input and where the dependency graph is built.
Describe how to construct a directed graph from dependencies (e.g., variable uses, function calls) and apply Kahn's algorithm or DFS to produce a valid order, handling cycles as errors.
Use a simple code snippet to illustrate the process: show the dependency graph, the topological order, and how it affects code generation or evaluation.
Talk about time/space complexity, cycle detection, and alternatives like lazy evaluation or just-in-time compilation, and how you would test the compiler.
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