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The example they gave was something like a row with a lone girl, then a pair of girls a few seats over, and you had to figure out the fewest placements to cover everyone.
Model the row as a string or array where girls are marked and gaps are empty. Use a greedy strategy: scan left to right, and whenever you encounter a girl without a boy neighbor, place a boy at the next available seat to her right (or left if at the end), ensuring coverage for consecutive girls. Count the boys placed.
Pro tip: Clarify edge cases upfront, such as a single girl at the end of the row or all seats occupied by girls, and mention that the greedy choice is optimal because placing a boy to the right covers the current girl and potentially the next one.
Restate the problem: given a row of seats with girls at certain positions, find the minimum number of boys to place so that each girl has at least one adjacent boy. Clarify that boys can be placed in any empty seat and that a boy can cover at most two girls (left and right).
Recognize that to minimize boys, we should place a boy as far right as possible while still covering the current girl. This covers the current girl and may also cover the next girl if she is immediately to the right.
Iterate through the seats. When you find a girl without a boy neighbor, place a boy in the next seat to her right (if available and empty). If she is at the last seat, place a boy to her left. Count each placement.
Consider cases like a single girl at the end, consecutive girls, and all seats occupied by girls. Verify that the greedy approach yields the minimum by arguing that each boy can cover at most two girls and we place boys only when necessary.
State that the algorithm runs in O(n) time and O(1) extra space. Conclude that the greedy solution is optimal and provide the final count.
AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.