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Anthropic·Software Engineer·Technical Phone Screen·Senior

SeniorPrefer not to say
Jun 2026Remote

Summary

Anthropic SWE interview where they handed me a broken GRPO training implementation and asked me to find three bugs. Pretty heads-down technical, no fluff.

Questions Asked (1)

Q1

You're given a partial GRPO training implementation with exactly three bugs. Identify and fix each one.

Root Cause AnalysisTechnical Trade-offs
Author's notes

The bugs were all in the core training logic.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Start by explaining GRPO's core algorithm and typical implementation structure, then systematically trace the code to identify deviations from the expected behavior. For each bug, describe its symptom, root cause, and fix, prioritizing correctness and clarity.

Pro tip: Demonstrate a deep understanding of GRPO's mathematical foundations and common pitfalls, such as incorrect advantage normalization or policy ratio clipping, to show you can debug beyond surface-level issues.

1. Understand GRPO and expected implementation

Briefly outline GRPO's objective, including group-relative advantage estimation and policy optimization, and recall the standard pseudocode to establish a baseline for comparison.

2. Scan for obvious errors

Quickly review the code for syntax errors, undefined variables, or incorrect function calls that could cause immediate failures.

3. Trace data flow and computations

Follow the flow of inputs through the model, reward computation, advantage calculation, and loss to identify logical inconsistencies or mathematical errors.

4. Identify and fix each bug

For each bug found, articulate the incorrect behavior, explain why it's wrong, and propose a corrected version, ensuring the fix aligns with GRPO's principles.

5. Validate fixes and discuss trade-offs

Mentally simulate the corrected code with a simple example to verify correctness, and mention any potential trade-offs or edge cases affected by the fixes.

Key Points to Mention

  • GRPO's group-relative advantage computation: normalizing rewards within each group to reduce variance
  • Importance of correct policy ratio calculation and clipping to prevent large updates
  • Common bugs: incorrect advantage normalization, missing gradient detachment for reference model, wrong loss aggregation
  • The role of the KL penalty in GRPO and how it's typically implemented
  • Debugging strategies: unit tests for components, comparing against reference implementations
  • Trade-offs between computational efficiency and correctness in distributed training

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.