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Axon·Software Engineer·Onsite - System Design / Architecture·Senior

SeniorPrefer not to say
Apr 2026

Summary

Axon system design round focused entirely on body-cam footage upload infrastructure. Three distinct areas in one question: blob handling, content moderation, and chain of custody for legal admissibility. Dense problem, probably the most legally-flavored system design question I've ever had to work through.

Questions Asked (1)

Q1

Design a system that uploads recorded body-cam footage from field devices to the cloud, covering large file handling, malicious content detection, and a tamper-evident chain of custody for legal admissibility.

System DesignTechnical Trade-offsAPI & Integrations
Author's notes

This is basically three system design questions duct-taped together.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Start by clarifying requirements such as file size, upload frequency, security, and legal standards. Then design a scalable ingestion pipeline with chunked uploads, resumability, and client-side encryption. Finally, address malicious content scanning and a tamper-evident chain of custody using cryptographic hashing and digital signatures.

Pro tip: Emphasize that chain of custody must be provable end-to-end, including device attestation and audit logs, and mention that legal admissibility often requires compliance with standards like CJIS or GDPR.

1. Clarify Requirements and Constraints

Ask about file sizes (e.g., 1-10 GB), upload frequency, network conditions, security requirements, and legal standards (e.g., CJIS, GDPR). Confirm the need for tamper-evidence and malicious content detection.

2. Design Upload Pipeline

Propose a chunked, resumable upload protocol (e.g., tus) with client-side encryption and parallel uploads. Use a message queue to decouple ingestion from processing and ensure reliability.

3. Implement Malicious Content Detection

Scan files asynchronously using antivirus engines and sandboxing. Quarantine suspicious files and alert security teams. Consider format validation and metadata inspection.

4. Ensure Tamper-Evident Chain of Custody

Generate a cryptographic hash (e.g., SHA-256) of each file on the device, sign it with a device-specific private key, and store the signature and hash in an immutable ledger (e.g., blockchain or append-only log). Record all access and modifications.

5. Address Scalability and Trade-offs

Discuss trade-offs between latency and security, cost of storage vs. durability, and how to scale components (e.g., using CDN for uploads, sharding databases). Mention monitoring and failure recovery.

Key Points to Mention

  • Chunked and resumable uploads to handle large files and unreliable networks
  • Client-side encryption and device attestation to ensure data integrity from source
  • Asynchronous malware scanning with quarantine and alerting
  • Cryptographic hashing and digital signatures for tamper-evidence
  • Immutable audit logs and chain of custody records for legal admissibility
  • Compliance with relevant standards (e.g., CJIS, GDPR, chain of custody requirements)

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.