The core read-and-count loop took me maybe five minutes to sketch out.
Start by clarifying the problem constraints and edge cases, then propose a streaming solution that reads the file line by line, counting only non-empty lines until reaching K. Discuss how to handle edge cases such as fewer than K non-empty lines, blank lines, and trailing newlines, and consider trade-offs like memory usage and time complexity.
Pro tip: Mention that you would use a buffered reader to efficiently read lines without loading the entire file, and explicitly define what constitutes a 'non-empty line' (e.g., lines with only whitespace) to avoid ambiguity.
Ask questions to confirm the definition of a non-empty line (e.g., does it include whitespace-only lines?), the expected behavior when K is invalid (e.g., K <= 0), and how to handle files with fewer than K non-empty lines.
Propose reading the file line by line using a buffered reader, maintaining a counter for non-empty lines. When the counter reaches K, return the current line; if EOF is reached before K, return an appropriate error or sentinel value.
Explain how to handle blank lines (skip them), trailing newlines (they produce no extra line), and files with fewer than K non-empty lines (return null or throw an exception). Also consider K <= 0 as invalid input.
State that the time complexity is O(N) where N is the number of lines read until the K-th non-empty line, and space complexity is O(1) aside from the buffer. Discuss alternatives like indexing if multiple queries are expected.
Write a concise code snippet (e.g., in Python or Java) that implements the solution, demonstrating proper resource management (e.g., using try-with-resources or context managers).
AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.