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Scale AI·Software Engineer·Technical Phone Screen·Intermediate

IntermediatePrefer not to say
Jun 2026Remote

Summary

Scale AI SWE interview with a pretty involved coding/design question about interval merging and geospatial joins. Not a LeetCode grind session, more like a systems-thinking problem dressed up as code. Walked away feeling like I did okay on part (a) but fumbled the complexity justification for part (b).

Questions Asked (2)

Q1

You have two in-memory datasets: one with party time windows (partyId, startTime, endTime in ISO-8601 UTC) and one with geographic data (partyId, state, county, town, community). Write a method that joins them on partyId and returns, for each community, the earliest party start time and the latest party end time. Specify your return type and how you handle output ordering.

Algorithms & Data StructuresData Modeling
Author's notes

This part felt manageable.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Clarify the join semantics and output requirements first, then propose a hash join on partyId to combine the datasets efficiently. Aggregate per community by tracking the minimum startTime and maximum endTime, and specify a deterministic ordering for the output. Finally, discuss time complexity and edge cases like missing matches or null values.

Pro tip: Mention that you would validate the join key uniqueness and handle unmatched partyIds explicitly, as this shows you think about data quality and real-world messiness. Also, state your output ordering (e.g., by state, county, town, community) to ensure reproducibility.

1. Clarify requirements and assumptions

Ask about join type (inner vs outer), expected data sizes, and whether community is uniquely identified by the combination of state, county, town, community. Confirm that startTime and endTime are ISO-8601 UTC strings and can be compared lexicographically or parsed to timestamps.

2. Choose join strategy

Propose a hash join: build a hash map from partyId to time window from the first dataset, then probe with the second dataset. This gives O(n + m) time and O(n) space, which is efficient for in-memory data.

3. Aggregate per community

While probing, for each geographic record, look up the corresponding time window and update a per-community aggregate (min startTime, max endTime). Use a map keyed by the community identifier (e.g., a composite key or a string).

4. Define return type and ordering

Specify a return type such as List<CommunityTimeRange> or Map<CommunityKey, TimeRange>, and state that the output will be sorted by state, county, town, community for determinism. Mention that if ordering is not required, a map is sufficient.

5. Discuss complexity and edge cases

Analyze time and space complexity, and address edge cases: partyIds with no geographic data, geographic records with no time window, null values, and duplicate partyIds. Explain how you would handle them (e.g., skip or include with null).

Key Points to Mention

  • Hash join on partyId for O(n + m) time complexity
  • Use of min/max aggregation for earliest start and latest end
  • Composite key for community (state, county, town, community) to avoid collisions
  • Deterministic output ordering (e.g., sorted by state, county, town, community)
  • Handling of unmatched partyIds (inner vs left join) and null values
  • Return type choice: list of objects vs map, and why

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.

Q2

Using the same two datasets, compute for each town the total number of hours during which no party is happening anywhere in that town. Merge overlapping or adjacent intervals first (where adjacent means endTime equals the next startTime, which should not count as a gap), then sum the gap durations strictly between merged intervals over the span from earliest start to latest end in that town. Return a Map from town to hours, using UTC and ignoring DST. State your rounding policy and justify time and space complexity.

Algorithms & Data StructuresTechnical Trade-offsSystem Design
Author's notes

This is where I started sweating.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

First, clarify the data model and assumptions: each dataset contains events with town, startTime, and endTime in UTC; we need to merge intervals per town, treating adjacent intervals as continuous, then compute gaps between merged intervals from the earliest start to the latest end. Then, outline an algorithm: group by town, sort intervals by start time, merge overlapping/adjacent intervals, and sum the differences between consecutive merged intervals. Finally, discuss complexity and rounding policy.

Pro tip: Explicitly state that you will treat adjacent intervals (endTime == next startTime) as merged, and that you will ignore DST by using UTC timestamps. Also, mention that you will handle edge cases like empty datasets or towns with a single interval.

1. Clarify requirements and assumptions

Confirm that the two datasets are combined, each event has town, startTime, and endTime in UTC, and that we need total gap hours per town. State that adjacent intervals are merged and that we ignore DST.

2. Group and sort intervals by town

Group all events by town, then for each town, sort the intervals by startTime. This enables efficient merging in a single pass.

3. Merge overlapping and adjacent intervals

Iterate through sorted intervals, merging if the current interval's start <= last merged interval's end (including equality for adjacency). Keep track of the merged intervals per town.

4. Compute gap durations

For each town, after merging, sum the differences between consecutive merged intervals' end and start times. These are the gaps with no party. Convert to hours and store in a Map.

5. Analyze complexity and rounding

State time complexity: O(N log N) due to sorting, where N is total number of intervals. Space complexity: O(N) for storing intervals and merged results. Specify rounding policy (e.g., round to nearest hour or keep fractional hours).

Key Points to Mention

  • Merging condition: overlap if start <= lastEnd, and adjacent if start == lastEnd (so merge when start <= lastEnd).
  • Use UTC timestamps to avoid DST issues; convert to hours by dividing by 3600 seconds.
  • Edge cases: empty dataset, single interval, all intervals overlapping, no gaps.
  • Time complexity: O(N log N) dominated by sorting; space complexity: O(N) for storing intervals and merged results.
  • Rounding policy: decide whether to round to nearest hour, floor, or keep fractional hours; justify based on requirements.
  • Return a Map from town to total gap hours, ensuring all towns are included even if gap is zero.

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.