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Apple·Software Engineer·Technical Phone Screen·Intermediate

Intermediate
Jun 2026

Summary

Apple SWE interview with a toll calculation problem that looked straightforward until you actually sat down to think through all the edge cases. Not a bad experience but the problem had more moving parts than I expected.

Questions Asked (1)

Q1

Given a list of unsorted log entries in the form (license plate, checkpoint, timestamp), compute the total toll owed by each vehicle. Each trip segment between consecutive checkpoints for the same vehicle costs a base fee of $2 plus $0.10 times the Euclidean distance between the two checkpoints. A helper function gives you the coordinates of any checkpoint. Return a map from plate to total toll.

Algorithms & Data StructuresTechnical Trade-offs
Author's notes

My first instinct was just to sort everything and iterate, which is basically right, but I fumbled the grouping step initially.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Group log entries by license plate, then sort each group by timestamp to reconstruct the sequence of checkpoints for each vehicle. Iterate through consecutive checkpoint pairs, compute the Euclidean distance using the helper function, and accumulate the toll (base fee $2 + $0.10 per unit distance) for each plate. Finally, return a map from plate to total toll.

Pro tip: Clarify edge cases upfront: what if a vehicle has only one checkpoint (no trips)? What if timestamps are equal? Also, mention that you'd validate the input format and handle missing coordinates gracefully, showing attention to production-quality code.

1. Clarify requirements and edge cases

Ask about input size, whether timestamps are unique per vehicle, and how to handle vehicles with fewer than two checkpoints. Confirm the toll formula and that the helper function is reliable.

2. Group and sort entries

Use a hash map to group log entries by license plate. For each plate, sort the entries by timestamp to get the correct sequence of checkpoints.

3. Compute toll per trip segment

For each consecutive pair of checkpoints, retrieve their coordinates via the helper function, compute the Euclidean distance, and calculate the segment cost as 2 + 0.10 * distance.

4. Aggregate and return results

Sum the segment costs for each vehicle and store the total in a map from plate to toll. Return the map.

5. Analyze complexity and optimize

Discuss time complexity: O(N log N) due to sorting, where N is total entries. Mention that grouping and sorting can be done in one pass if entries are already sorted, or use a priority queue if needed.

Key Points to Mention

  • Grouping by license plate using a hash map for efficient lookup.
  • Sorting each group by timestamp to ensure correct trip order.
  • Using the Euclidean distance formula: sqrt((x2-x1)^2 + (y2-y1)^2).
  • Calculating cost per segment: base fee $2 + $0.10 * distance.
  • Handling edge cases: vehicles with 0 or 1 checkpoint, duplicate timestamps, missing coordinates.
  • Time complexity: O(N log N) due to sorting; space complexity: O(N) for storing grouped entries.

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.