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Google·Software Engineer·Technical Phone Screen·Intermediate

Intermediate
Apr 2026

Summary

Interviewed for a data engineer role at Google, got a SQL/analytics problem centered on monthly customer transactions. Pretty standard technical screen but the scope of the question left some room to go deeper than I expected.

Questions Asked (1)

Q1

Write a query to analyze monthly customer transactions, covering aggregation, trends, or anomalies across time periods.

Data ModelingProduct Analytics & MetricsAlgorithms & Data Structures
Author's notes

Spent the first couple minutes just making sure I understood what 'analyze' meant here because that word can mean a lot of things.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Start by clarifying the schema and requirements (e.g., what defines a transaction, time granularity, and desired metrics). Then outline a SQL query that groups transactions by month and customer, computes aggregates, and uses window functions to analyze trends and detect anomalies. Finally, discuss how to handle edge cases and optimize the query for large datasets.

Pro tip: Mention that you would validate the query with sample data and consider using date truncation functions (like DATE_TRUNC) to ensure consistent monthly grouping across different SQL dialects. Also, highlight the importance of indexing on transaction date and customer ID for performance.

1. Clarify Requirements and Schema

Ask questions to understand the table structure, what constitutes a transaction, and what specific insights are needed (e.g., total spend, transaction count, month-over-month growth).

2. Design the Aggregation Query

Write a SQL query that groups transactions by customer and month, calculating aggregates like SUM(amount), COUNT(*), and AVG(amount). Use DATE_TRUNC or equivalent to extract the month.

3. Incorporate Trend Analysis

Use window functions (e.g., LAG, LEAD) to compute month-over-month changes, moving averages, or cumulative sums to identify trends.

4. Detect Anomalies

Apply statistical methods (e.g., z-score, IQR) or simple thresholds to flag unusual spikes or drops in transaction metrics.

5. Optimize and Validate

Discuss indexing, partitioning, and query performance considerations. Suggest validating results with sample data or unit tests.

Key Points to Mention

  • Use of DATE_TRUNC or EXTRACT for monthly grouping
  • Window functions for trend analysis (LAG, LEAD, moving averages)
  • Anomaly detection techniques (z-score, IQR, threshold-based)
  • Handling of NULLs and edge cases (e.g., customers with no transactions in a month)
  • Performance optimization: indexing on date and customer_id, partitioning
  • Clear communication of assumptions and trade-offs

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.