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Navan·Software Engineer·Technical Phone Screen·Intermediate

Intermediate
Jun 2026Palo Alto

Summary

Async video screen for a frontend role at Navan, about 15 minutes total. You record your answers and the team reviews them later, which is a weird format to prepare for but not as bad as I expected once I got going.

Questions Asked (7)

Q1

Give a brief overview of your career so far.

Adaptability & Ambiguity
Author's notes

Standard opener.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Structure your answer as a concise narrative that highlights your growth, key skills, and adaptability across roles. Focus on transitions and how you navigated ambiguity or change, tying each move to what you learned and how it prepares you for Navan's fast-paced environment.

Pro tip: Emphasize the 'why' behind your career moves—especially times you embraced uncertainty or took on ambiguous challenges—to show self-awareness and intentionality. This demonstrates maturity and aligns with Navan's value of adaptability.

1. Start with a brief summary

Open with a one-sentence overview of your career, such as your total years of experience and primary domains. This sets the stage without diving into details.

2. Highlight key roles and transitions

Walk through 2-3 major roles chronologically, focusing on the skills you gained and the reasons for each transition. Keep it high-level and avoid jargon.

3. Emphasize adaptability and ambiguity

For each role, mention a specific instance where you faced ambiguity or change (e.g., shifting priorities, new tech stacks) and how you successfully navigated it.

4. Connect to the target role

Conclude by linking your career journey to why you're excited about Navan and how your adaptability will help you thrive in their environment.

Key Points to Mention

  • Progression in responsibilities (e.g., from junior to senior engineer)
  • Experience with different technologies or domains that required quick learning
  • Examples of thriving in ambiguous situations (e.g., startup environments, pivoting projects)
  • Collaboration with cross-functional teams to deliver results
  • Specific achievements that demonstrate impact and adaptability
  • Alignment with Navan's mission or engineering culture

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.

Q2

Walk us through your experience as a frontend engineer.

Technical Trade-offs
Author's notes

Pretty open-ended.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Structure your answer as a concise narrative that highlights your progression, key projects, and technical decisions. Focus on trade-offs you made and the impact of your work, aligning with Navan's emphasis on technical trade-offs.

Pro tip: Quantify your impact and explicitly discuss trade-offs you considered (e.g., performance vs. development speed) to demonstrate engineering maturity.

1. Set the Stage

Briefly summarize your overall experience as a frontend engineer, including years of experience and the types of companies or projects you've worked on.

2. Highlight Key Projects

Choose 2-3 significant projects that showcase your skills and impact. For each, describe the problem, your solution, and the outcome.

3. Discuss Technical Decisions and Trade-offs

For each project, explain the technical choices you made and the trade-offs involved (e.g., choosing React over Vue for ecosystem, or optimizing for performance vs. developer experience).

4. Show Impact and Results

Quantify the results of your work where possible (e.g., improved load time by 30%, increased user engagement by 15%).

5. Connect to Navan

Relate your experience to Navan's tech stack, culture, or challenges, showing how you can contribute to their team.

Key Points to Mention

  • Progression in frontend roles and increasing responsibility
  • Specific frameworks and technologies (e.g., React, TypeScript, Redux)
  • Examples of technical trade-offs (e.g., performance vs. maintainability)
  • Collaboration with cross-functional teams (designers, backend engineers)
  • Measurable impact of your work (e.g., performance improvements, user metrics)
  • Alignment with Navan's focus on technical trade-offs and scalable solutions

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.

Q3

What project are you most proud of, and what were the main challenges you ran into?

Technical Trade-offsSystem Design
Author's notes

This is where I spent the most prep time.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Select a project that showcases your technical depth and aligns with Navan's focus on scalable systems and trade-offs. Structure your answer using a narrative arc: context, challenge, action, and result, emphasizing the challenges and how you overcame them. Highlight specific technical decisions and their impact, and connect the learnings to the role.

Pro tip: Choose a project where you made a significant technical trade-off (e.g., consistency vs. availability) and explain why you chose one over the other, showing you understand business implications. Quantify the impact (e.g., reduced latency by 30%) to make your answer memorable.

1. Set the Context

Briefly describe the project, your role, and the team size, focusing on why it mattered to the business or users.

2. Outline the Challenge

Clearly state the main technical challenge(s), such as scaling, performance, or integration issues, and why they were difficult.

3. Detail Your Approach

Explain the steps you took to address the challenge, including any trade-offs you considered and why you chose your solution.

4. Highlight the Outcome

Share the results, including metrics if possible, and what you learned from the experience.

5. Connect to Navan

Relate the project and learnings to Navan's engineering challenges, showing how you can contribute.

Key Points to Mention

  • Technical trade-offs (e.g., consistency vs. availability, latency vs. cost)
  • System design decisions (e.g., microservices, database choices, caching strategies)
  • Challenges faced (e.g., scaling, legacy code, tight deadlines)
  • Your specific contributions and leadership
  • Quantifiable impact (e.g., performance improvements, cost savings)
  • Learnings and how they apply to Navan's domain (e.g., travel tech, real-time systems)

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.

Q4

How do you approach debugging when something breaks?

Root Cause Analysis
Author's notes

I went with a reproduce-isolate-fix structure and mentioned a specific time I chased a race condition for two days before realizing the issue was in how we were managing async state.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Structure your answer around a systematic debugging process that starts with reproducing the issue and ends with preventing recurrence. Emphasize how you prioritize gathering evidence over guessing, and highlight collaboration and communication with your team. Use a specific example to make your approach concrete and demonstrate real-world impact.

Pro tip: Show that you treat debugging as a scientific process: form hypotheses, test them, and iterate. Also, mention how you balance speed with thoroughness—knowing when to apply a quick fix versus when to dig deeper for the root cause.

1. Reproduce and Understand the Issue

Start by reliably reproducing the bug and gathering all available information: error messages, logs, user reports, and environmental details. Clarify the expected vs. actual behavior to define the problem precisely.

2. Form Hypotheses and Isolate

Based on the evidence, brainstorm potential causes and prioritize them by likelihood. Use techniques like binary search, logging, or debugging tools to narrow down the source, isolating variables one at a time.

3. Test and Fix

Once you identify the root cause, implement a fix and verify it resolves the issue without introducing regressions. Write tests to cover the scenario and ensure the fix works across relevant environments.

4. Communicate and Document

Keep stakeholders informed about progress and impact, especially if the issue is critical. Document the root cause, the fix, and any lessons learned for future reference.

5. Prevent Recurrence

Add monitoring, alerts, or automated tests to catch similar issues early. Consider process improvements or code refactoring to eliminate the class of bug.

Key Points to Mention

  • Reproducing the issue consistently and gathering data (logs, metrics, stack traces)
  • Using a systematic approach like binary search or divide-and-conquer to isolate the problem
  • Leveraging debugging tools (debuggers, profilers, logging frameworks)
  • Collaborating with teammates and asking for help when stuck
  • Writing tests to prevent regressions and documenting the root cause
  • Balancing quick fixes with long-term solutions and knowing when to escalate

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.

Q5

How do you work with a PM and designer to make sure a feature actually gets shipped end to end?

Cross-functional AlignmentAgile / Sprint Management
Author's notes

I talked about getting into design reviews early rather than waiting for a handoff, and flagging technical constraints before they become blockers in sprint.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Use a specific example to show how you proactively align with PM and design on scope, dependencies, and timelines from kickoff through launch. Emphasize your role in driving execution, surfacing risks early, and maintaining clear communication to ensure the feature ships end to end.

Pro tip: Frame yourself as a partner who helps the PM and designer succeed, not just someone who codes. Mention how you use lightweight artifacts like a shared checklist or a 'definition of shipped' to keep everyone aligned and accountable.

1. Align on the problem and success criteria

In kickoff, ensure you understand the user problem, business goal, and how success will be measured. Ask clarifying questions to uncover edge cases and technical constraints early.

2. Define scope and break down work

Collaborate with PM and design to slice the feature into shippable increments. Identify dependencies, risks, and a realistic timeline, and agree on what 'done' means for each increment.

3. Establish a communication and check-in rhythm

Set up regular syncs (e.g., stand-ups, weekly checkpoints) and use shared tools (e.g., Jira, Slack) to track progress. Proactively flag blockers and propose solutions.

4. Drive execution and quality

Write code, review designs, and test continuously. Involve PM and design early in demos or staging reviews to gather feedback and avoid last-minute surprises.

5. Coordinate launch and measure impact

Plan the release with PM and design, including rollout strategy, monitoring, and post-launch metrics. Close the loop by sharing results and learnings with the team.

Key Points to Mention

  • Proactive communication: regular syncs, async updates, and clear documentation
  • Shared understanding of scope, priorities, and trade-offs
  • Early and continuous feedback loops with PM and design
  • Risk identification and mitigation (technical, design, or timeline)
  • Definition of 'shipped' and launch readiness checklist
  • Post-launch measurement and iteration

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.

Q6

Describe your experience with Angular and how you've used it to build scalable SaaS applications.

System DesignTechnical Trade-offs
Author's notes

This one is pretty specific to the stack they use.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Start by briefly summarizing your overall Angular experience, then dive into a specific SaaS project where you used Angular to solve scalability challenges. Focus on architectural decisions, performance optimizations, and trade-offs you made, tying them to business outcomes.

Pro tip: Quantify the impact of your Angular work (e.g., reduced load time by X%, improved developer velocity) and mention how you balanced technical decisions with product needs—this shows you think like a product-minded engineer.

1. Set the Context

Briefly describe the SaaS product, its scale (users, data volume), and your role in the Angular development.

2. Highlight Architectural Choices

Explain key architectural decisions like module organization, lazy loading, state management (e.g., NgRx), and how they enabled scalability.

3. Discuss Performance Optimizations

Detail specific techniques you used to improve performance, such as OnPush change detection, trackBy, virtual scrolling, or AOT compilation.

4. Address Trade-offs

Describe a trade-off you made (e.g., bundle size vs. features, complexity vs. maintainability) and why you chose that path.

5. Share Results and Learnings

Conclude with measurable outcomes (e.g., improved load time, reduced bugs) and what you learned about building scalable Angular apps.

Key Points to Mention

  • Angular modules and lazy loading for code splitting
  • State management with NgRx or services for complex data flows
  • Performance optimization techniques (OnPush, trackBy, AOT)
  • Scalability considerations like modular architecture and micro frontends
  • Trade-offs between development speed and long-term maintainability
  • Measurable impact on user experience and business metrics

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.

Q7

Are you able to commute to the Palo Alto office four days a week, including two Fridays per month, on an ongoing basis?

Adaptability & Ambiguity
Author's notes

Logistics question.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Give a direct, unambiguous yes or no about your ability to meet the four-day Palo Alto and two-Friday-per-month requirement, then briefly explain your commuting logistics to show it's sustainable. If you have any constraints, state them clearly and offer a workable alternative rather than being vague.

Pro tip: Mention that you've already mapped out your commute (e.g., Caltrain, driving times, parking) so the interviewer knows this isn't a theoretical yes. Avoid over-explaining personal reasons; keep the focus on reliability and how you'll maintain productivity on in-office days.

1. Answer directly first

Start with a clear 'Yes, I can' or 'No, I can't' to avoid ambiguity. Interviewers ask this to screen for logistics, so don't bury the answer.

2. Confirm the specific schedule

Repeat the requirement back (four days a week, including two Fridays per month) to show you understood it correctly. This also gives you a chance to clarify any edge cases.

3. Explain your commute plan

Briefly describe how you'll get to Palo Alto reliably (e.g., Caltrain, driving, living nearby) and how long it takes. This demonstrates you've thought it through.

4. Address sustainability and flexibility

If relevant, mention any backup plans for occasional disruptions (e.g., car trouble, weather) or how you'll manage energy and productivity. If you have a constraint, propose a solution.

5. Reiterate commitment

End by reaffirming your commitment to the in-office schedule and your enthusiasm for the role. This leaves a positive, confident impression.

Key Points to Mention

  • Clear confirmation of ability to meet the exact schedule (4 days/week, 2 Fridays/month)
  • Specific commute method and realistic travel time (e.g., Caltrain, driving, biking)
  • Proximity or relocation plans if applicable (e.g., living within 30 minutes)
  • Backup plans for commuting disruptions (e.g., alternate routes, remote work if emergency)
  • Willingness to adjust start/end times to avoid peak traffic if needed
  • Enthusiasm for in-person collaboration and its benefits for the team

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.