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Citadel·Software Engineer·Onsite - System Design / Architecture·Senior

SeniorPrefer not to say
Apr 2026

Summary

Citadel quant engineer interview, system design round focused entirely on building an orderbook from scratch. No matching logic required but the API design portion was more involved than I expected.

Questions Asked (1)

Q1

Design and implement an orderbook for a trading system. Start by proposing the API surface you'd need (place order, cancel order, query best bid/ask, etc.), justify your choices, then implement it in code. Order matching is out of scope.

System DesignAPI & IntegrationsAlgorithms & Data Structures
Author's notes

I spent the first few minutes just listing APIs without really justifying them, which I think annoyed the interviewer a bit.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Start by clarifying requirements (e.g., asset class, order types, performance needs) and then propose a clean, minimal API that separates concerns between order management and market data queries. Justify each method by its role in the system, and implement using efficient data structures like heaps or balanced trees for price levels, ensuring thread safety and low latency.

Pro tip: Emphasize the importance of defining clear semantics for order cancellation and modification, and discuss how you would handle concurrency and consistency in a high-frequency trading environment.

1. Clarify Requirements

Ask about expected order types (limit, market), asset class, throughput, latency requirements, and whether the orderbook is for a single symbol or multiple. This ensures the design meets the actual needs.

2. Define API Surface

Propose methods such as placeOrder, cancelOrder, getBestBid, getBestAsk, getDepth, and possibly modifyOrder. Explain the parameters, return types, and error handling for each.

3. Justify API Choices

Explain why each method is necessary, how they support typical trading operations, and why certain methods (e.g., order matching) are excluded. Discuss trade-offs between simplicity and functionality.

4. Design Data Structures

Describe how to store orders and price levels efficiently, e.g., using a hash map for order lookup and a priority queue or balanced BST for bids/asks. Mention time complexity for key operations.

5. Implement and Discuss Concurrency

Write clean, modular code for the core methods, and discuss thread safety (e.g., locks, lock-free structures) and potential optimizations for low-latency scenarios.

Key Points to Mention

  • Order types (limit, market) and their representation
  • Data structures for efficient price-time priority (e.g., heaps, trees)
  • Thread safety and concurrency control mechanisms
  • Time and space complexity of core operations
  • Error handling and edge cases (e.g., duplicate order IDs, invalid prices)
  • Separation of concerns between order management and market data queries

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.