← Amazon Interview Insights

Amazon·Data Scientist·Technical Phone Screen·Intermediate

Intermediate
Jun 2026

Summary

Amazon Data Scientist interview with a SQL-heavy technical screen. One question, pretty focused, centered on conditional aggregation across statuses for the same user.

Questions Asked (1)

Q1

Given a user activity table with dates and statuses ('active' or 'inactive'), write a SQL query that returns each user's earliest active date and latest inactive date.

Data ModelingProduct Analytics & Metrics
Author's notes

I went straight to conditional aggregation with CASE inside MIN and MAX, which was the right call.

Create a free account to read the full note

AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Use conditional aggregation with MIN(CASE WHEN status = 'active' THEN date END) and MAX(CASE WHEN status = 'inactive' THEN date END), grouped by user. This single-pass approach is efficient and avoids multiple subqueries or joins.

Pro tip: Mention that this pattern scales well because it scans the table once, and note that if the table is partitioned by date, you can add a WHERE clause to limit the scan to relevant partitions.

1. Clarify the schema and requirements

Confirm the table name, column names (user_id, date, status), and that status only has 'active' and 'inactive' values. Ask if there are any edge cases like users with no active or no inactive records.

2. Choose the aggregation strategy

Decide between conditional aggregation (single query with CASE) versus separate subqueries for active and inactive dates. Conditional aggregation is more efficient and easier to read.

3. Write the SQL query

Use MIN(CASE WHEN status = 'active' THEN date END) AS earliest_active_date and MAX(CASE WHEN status = 'inactive' THEN date END) AS latest_inactive_date, grouped by user_id.

4. Handle NULLs and validate results

Explain that users without active or inactive records will have NULL for the respective column. Optionally, use COALESCE or filter to exclude such users if needed.

5. Optimize and discuss performance

Mention indexing on (user_id, status, date) and partition pruning if the table is partitioned by date. Also note that the query can be extended to include other statuses.

Key Points to Mention

  • Conditional aggregation with CASE inside MIN/MAX
  • GROUP BY user_id
  • Handling NULLs for users missing active or inactive records
  • Efficiency of single table scan vs. multiple subqueries
  • Indexing strategy on (user_id, status, date)
  • Partition pruning if table is partitioned by date

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.