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Shopify·Software Engineer·Onsite - Coding / Algorithms·Intermediate

IntermediatePrefer not to say
May 2026Remote

Summary

Shopify pair-programming round where the actual coding problem (LRU cache) was almost secondary to how you worked with an AI coding tool. The interviewers cared way more about your prompting strategy and how you caught the AI's mistakes than whether you could write the linked list logic yourself.

Questions Asked (3)

Q1

Implement an LRU cache with O(1) get and put operations using a hash map and doubly linked list, while working collaboratively with an AI coding assistant.

Algorithms & Data StructuresTechnical Trade-offs
Author's notes

The data structure part I knew cold, hash map pointing to nodes in a doubly linked list, move on access, evict from tail.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Start by clarifying requirements and constraints, then explain the hash map + doubly linked list design for O(1) operations. Walk through the get and put logic, emphasizing edge cases and how you'd collaborate with an AI assistant to implement and test the solution.

Pro tip: Treat the AI assistant as a pair programmer: articulate your design decisions out loud, ask it to generate boilerplate or tests, but critically review its output for correctness and edge cases. This demonstrates both technical depth and effective collaboration.

1. Clarify requirements and constraints

Ask about cache capacity, expected operations, thread safety, and whether the AI assistant should be used for implementation or just review. Confirm that O(1) time complexity is required for both get and put.

2. Explain the data structure design

Describe using a hash map for O(1) access to nodes and a doubly linked list to maintain recency order. The list head represents most recently used, tail least recently used.

3. Detail get and put operations

For get: if key exists, move node to head and return value; else return -1. For put: if key exists, update value and move to head; else insert new node at head, and if capacity exceeded, remove tail node and its map entry.

4. Discuss collaboration with AI assistant

Explain how you'd use the AI to generate initial code, suggest test cases, or identify edge cases. Emphasize verifying the AI's suggestions and iterating together.

5. Address edge cases and testing

Mention handling capacity 0 or 1, duplicate keys, and thread safety if needed. Propose writing unit tests for get/put sequences and eviction order.

Key Points to Mention

  • Hash map provides O(1) lookup, doubly linked list provides O(1) insertion/deletion for recency updates.
  • Use dummy head and tail nodes to simplify edge cases in list manipulation.
  • Eviction policy: remove least recently used node from tail when capacity is exceeded.
  • Collaboration with AI: use it for code generation, but validate correctness and complexity.
  • Thread safety considerations: use locks or concurrent data structures if required.
  • Testing strategy: unit tests for eviction order, updates, and boundary conditions.

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.

Q2

How do you verify that AI-generated code is actually correct? Walk through your process for checking edge cases and writing tests for code you didn't write yourself.

Algorithms & Data StructuresAdaptability & Ambiguity
Author's notes

Fumbled this a little.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Emphasize that you treat AI-generated code like any other external code: you don't trust it blindly. Walk through a systematic verification process that starts with understanding the code's intent, then rigorously testing it with edge cases and automated tests. Highlight your ability to adapt to unfamiliar code and ensure correctness.

Pro tip: Mention that you often use property-based testing or fuzzing to uncover edge cases you might not think of, and that you always review AI-generated code for security and performance pitfalls, not just correctness.

1. Understand the Code's Purpose and Context

Before testing, clarify what the code is supposed to do, its inputs/outputs, and how it fits into the larger system. Read any accompanying documentation or comments, and if unclear, ask the AI to explain its reasoning.

2. Perform a Manual Code Review

Scan for obvious issues like off-by-one errors, unhandled exceptions, or incorrect assumptions. Check for code smells, security vulnerabilities, and adherence to coding standards.

3. Write Unit Tests for Core Functionality

Start with happy path tests to confirm basic correctness. Then, systematically add tests for edge cases: empty inputs, nulls, boundary values, large inputs, and invalid types.

4. Employ Advanced Testing Techniques

Use property-based testing to generate random inputs and verify invariants. Consider mutation testing to assess test suite quality, and fuzzing for unexpected crashes.

5. Integrate and Monitor

Run the code in a staging environment with integration tests. Monitor performance and error rates in production, and be ready to roll back if issues arise.

Key Points to Mention

  • Treat AI-generated code as untrusted and verify it like third-party code.
  • Use a combination of manual review and automated testing.
  • Prioritize edge cases: boundaries, empty inputs, invalid data, and large-scale inputs.
  • Leverage property-based testing and fuzzing to uncover unknown edge cases.
  • Check for security vulnerabilities and performance implications.
  • Integrate with CI/CD pipelines and monitor in production.

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.

Q3

How do you scope and prompt an AI coding tool to get useful output for a well-defined engineering task?

Technical Trade-offsAdaptability & Ambiguity
Author's notes

Honestly the most interesting part of the whole round.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Walk through a concrete example of a well-defined engineering task, such as adding a new API endpoint or refactoring a module. Explain how you break the task into smaller, testable units and craft prompts that provide clear context, constraints, and expected output format. Emphasize iterative refinement and validation of the AI's output against tests and code review standards.

Pro tip: Always include the relevant code context, such as function signatures, data models, and existing patterns, in your prompt, and ask the AI to explain its reasoning or generate tests alongside the code. This not only improves output quality but also helps you catch subtle issues early.

1. Define the task precisely

Clearly articulate the engineering task, including inputs, outputs, constraints, and success criteria. Break it into smaller, independent subtasks if possible.

2. Gather and provide context

Collect relevant code snippets, documentation, and examples of desired patterns. Include this context in your prompt to ground the AI's response.

3. Craft a structured prompt

Write a prompt that specifies the role, task, constraints, and expected format. Use examples or templates to guide the AI toward the desired output.

4. Iterate and refine

Review the AI's output, provide feedback, and ask for revisions. Break down complex requests into multiple rounds of interaction.

5. Validate and integrate

Test the generated code against unit tests, perform code review, and ensure it adheres to team standards before integrating.

Key Points to Mention

  • Breaking down the task into smaller, well-defined subtasks to reduce ambiguity
  • Providing relevant code context, such as function signatures, data models, and existing patterns
  • Specifying constraints like performance, security, and style guidelines
  • Using iterative prompting and feedback to refine the AI's output
  • Validating AI-generated code with tests, code review, and static analysis
  • Being aware of AI limitations and not blindly trusting its output

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.