← Airbnb Interview Insights

Airbnb·Software Engineer·Technical Phone Screen·Intermediate

Intermediate
Apr 2026

Summary

Airbnb software engineering interview with a string manipulation problem that sounds deceptively simple but opens up into a pretty meaty discussion. The core task is straightforward but the follow-ups on overlapping matches and efficient multi-pattern search are where it gets interesting.

Questions Asked (1)

Q1

Given a review string and a map of substrings to tags, replace every occurrence of each substring (case-insensitive) with a formatted token like [tag]{matchedText}, while preserving the original casing of the matched text in the output.

Algorithms & Data StructuresTechnical Trade-offs
Author's notes

The basic version is manageable.

Create a free account to read the full note

AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Clarify the problem constraints and edge cases first, then propose an efficient algorithm that handles overlapping matches and case-insensitive replacement while preserving original casing. Discuss trade-offs between different approaches (e.g., regex vs. trie) and consider scalability for large inputs.

Pro tip: Mention that you would use a case-insensitive regex with word boundaries or a trie for efficient multi-pattern matching, and highlight the importance of preserving original casing by capturing the matched text. Also, discuss how to handle overlapping matches by prioritizing longer substrings or leftmost-longest matching.

1. Clarify requirements and edge cases

Ask about input size, whether substrings can overlap, if replacements should be recursive, and how to handle multiple tags for the same substring. Confirm that the output should preserve the original casing of the matched text.

2. Choose an algorithm

Decide between a simple iterative approach (for small inputs) or an efficient multi-pattern matching algorithm like Aho-Corasick or a trie. Consider using regex with case-insensitive flags for simplicity, but be aware of performance implications.

3. Handle overlapping matches and ordering

Determine how to resolve overlaps: typically leftmost-longest match wins. Sort substrings by length descending to ensure longer matches take precedence, or use a trie to find the longest match at each position.

4. Implement replacement with casing preservation

Iterate through the string, find matches case-insensitively, and replace each with [tag]{matchedText} where matchedText is the exact substring from the original string. Use a StringBuilder for efficiency.

5. Test and optimize

Test with edge cases: empty string, no matches, overlapping substrings, different cases. Discuss time/space complexity and potential optimizations like precompiling regex or using a trie for O(n) matching.

Key Points to Mention

  • Case-insensitive matching while preserving original casing in output
  • Handling overlapping matches (e.g., leftmost-longest rule)
  • Efficiency considerations: time complexity of naive vs. trie/Aho-Corasick
  • Edge cases: empty input, no matches, multiple tags for same substring
  • Trade-offs between regex and custom trie implementation
  • Scalability for large review strings and many substrings

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.