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Qualcomm·Software Engineer·Technical Phone Screen·Senior

Senior
Apr 2026

Summary

Qualcomm GPU Engineer interview with a deep technical question on CUDA kernel design for matrix addition. Single question but it sprawled into basically every dimension of GPU programming you can think of. Left feeling like I'd only scratched the surface on half the topics.

Questions Asked (1)

Q1

You're given two GPU kernel implementations of element-wise matrix addition (C = A + B for an MxN float matrix). Compare them across thread/block configuration, memory access patterns, shared memory usage, boundary handling, and performance across different matrix shapes. Which would you prefer for a given workload and what further optimizations would you consider?

System DesignTechnical Trade-offsAlgorithms & Data Structures
Author's notes

This question looked straightforward and then just kept expanding.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Start by systematically comparing the two kernels across the five specified dimensions, then discuss how performance varies with matrix shape and justify your preferred kernel for a given workload. Finally, propose further optimizations such as vectorized loads, tiling, or using shared memory for reuse.

Pro tip: Emphasize that for memory-bound element-wise operations, achieving coalesced global memory access and maximizing occupancy are critical; avoid overcomplicating with shared memory unless it provides a clear benefit. Also, mention that real-world performance should be validated with profiling tools like Nsight Compute.

1. Compare thread/block configuration

Discuss how each kernel organizes threads into blocks and grids, and how that affects occupancy, parallelism, and resource utilization. Consider block size, grid size, and whether they adapt to matrix dimensions.

2. Analyze memory access patterns

Evaluate whether global memory accesses are coalesced and how each thread maps to matrix elements. Identify if there are strided or uncoalesced accesses that could hurt performance.

3. Evaluate shared memory usage and boundary handling

Determine if shared memory is used (and whether it's necessary for element-wise addition) and how each kernel handles out-of-bounds accesses for non-multiple matrix dimensions.

4. Assess performance across matrix shapes

Explain how performance might differ for small vs. large matrices, square vs. rectangular, and shapes that are not multiples of block size. Consider memory bandwidth limits and overheads.

5. Choose preferred kernel and suggest optimizations

State which kernel you would prefer for a given workload and why, then propose further optimizations such as vectorized loads, loop unrolling, or using texture memory.

Key Points to Mention

  • Coalesced global memory access is crucial for memory-bound element-wise operations.
  • Shared memory is typically unnecessary for element-wise addition unless used for data reuse or to avoid bank conflicts.
  • Boundary handling via conditionals can cause thread divergence; consider padding or separate kernels for edge cases.
  • Occupancy and block size tuning can significantly impact performance on GPUs.
  • Vectorized loads (e.g., float4) can increase memory throughput by reducing instruction overhead.
  • Profiling with tools like Nsight Compute or nvprof is essential to identify bottlenecks and validate optimizations.

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.