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Amazon·Software Engineer·Onsite - System Design / Architecture·Intermediate

Intermediate
Jun 2026

Summary

Amazon SWE OOD round. One question, not a lot of warmth from the interviewer's side, which made the whole thing feel a bit stiff.

Questions Asked (1)

Q1

Design a file system using object-oriented design principles.

System DesignData ModelingTechnical Trade-offs
Author's notes

Pretty standard OOD topic but the interviewer was cold the whole time, hard to tell if I was on the right track or completely off.

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AI HintsAI Generated

Suggested Approach

Start by clarifying requirements and scope (e.g., single machine vs distributed, in-memory vs persistent, POSIX-like features). Then model the core entities (File, Directory, FileSystem) using OOP principles like inheritance, composition, and polymorphism, and discuss trade-offs in your design choices. Finally, walk through key operations (create, read, write, delete, list) and how your design supports them efficiently.

Pro tip: Demonstrate Amazon Leadership Principles by explicitly calling out trade-offs (e.g., simplicity vs extensibility) and tying your design decisions to customer needs like scalability and reliability. Also, mention how you would test the design and handle edge cases.

1. Clarify Requirements and Scope

Ask questions to understand the expected scale, features (e.g., permissions, symbolic links), and constraints (e.g., distributed, persistent). This ensures your design addresses the right problem.

2. Identify Core Entities and Relationships

Define the main classes (File, Directory, FileSystem) and their relationships. Use inheritance for common attributes (e.g., name, timestamps) and composition for hierarchical structures.

3. Design Key Operations and Interfaces

Outline methods for operations like create, read, write, delete, and list. Consider how polymorphism (e.g., a common Node interface) simplifies traversal and manipulation.

4. Discuss Trade-offs and Extensibility

Explain choices such as using a tree structure vs a flat map, and how to support future features (e.g., permissions, versioning) without major refactoring.

5. Address Scalability and Reliability

If relevant, discuss how the design could scale (e.g., sharding, caching) and ensure reliability (e.g., atomic operations, error handling).

Key Points to Mention

  • Use of composite pattern for uniform treatment of files and directories
  • Encapsulation of file metadata and operations within classes
  • Polymorphism for extensibility (e.g., different file types)
  • Trade-offs between in-memory and persistent storage
  • Concurrency control for simultaneous access
  • Error handling and edge cases (e.g., circular references, permission checks)

AI-generated suggestions, not part of the candidate's original notes. May be inaccurate — verify before relying on them.