LinkedIn·Data Scientist·Technical Phone Screen
May 2026
LinkedIn Data Scientist whiteboard round, heavy on math. Four parts back to back: logistic regression from scratch, backprop derivations, mini-batch pseudocode, and Adam internals. Not a conceptual chat at all, they wanted chain-rule steps on the board.
- Walk through logistic regression for binary classification: write the model, the sigmoid, and the binary cross-entropy loss for a single example and for a batch, then derive the gradient with respect to the weights and bias from first principles.
- Show that logistic regression is a special case of a neural network, then write the full forward pass and backpropagation equations for an L-layer feedforward network, including how gradients flow through each layer.
- Write pseudocode for mini-batch gradient descent training and explain why mini-batches are used instead of full-batch gradient descent or single-example updates.
- Describe Adam's update rule, write out all four components including bias correction, and give a real argument for why the second moment estimate appears under a square root in the denominator.
- Why is binary cross-entropy preferred over mean squared error for classification with a sigmoid output? What goes wrong with the optimization landscape if you use MSE instead?
- What is the vanishing gradient problem in networks with sigmoid or tanh activations, and what approaches address it?
- How does Adam compare to RMSProp and to SGD with momentum, and are there situations where plain SGD with a learning rate schedule generalizes better?
- What is weight decay, and why is decoupled weight decay (as in AdamW) different from just adding an L2 penalty to the loss when training with Adam?
“The derivation itself isn't hard but I kept second-guessing whether to show the sigmoid derivative cancellation explicitly or just state it.” The rest of the author's notes on Data Scientist interview at LinkedIn, Technical Phone Screen round, covers how they worked through the question, what the panel pushed back on, and what they would do differently.
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