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Microsoft interview notes, page 25 of 60

FAANG / Big Tech

Most of these Microsoft write-ups come from Software Engineers (372), then Product Managers (124) and Machine Learning Engineers (53). The most reported rounds are the technical phone screen (255), the product sense round (111), the system design round (93) and the behavioral / leadership round (49).

597 interview notes · updated Oct 2026

Microsoft·Software Engineer·Onsite - Behavioral / Leadership

May 2026
Interviewed for a PMM role at Microsoft. Just one behavioral question to go off of here, but it was the kind that sounds easy until you're actually sitting there trying to pick the right story.
  • Tell me about a time when someone you met through networking had a meaningful professional impact on you.

“I had a story ready but it felt thin the moment I started telling it.”

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Microsoft·Software Engineer·Technical Phone Screen

May 2026
Two-part technical deep-dive for an AI Infrastructure role at Microsoft, both questions were heavy on training internals. The kind of interview where you realize halfway through that you should have reviewed your IEEE-754 notes more recently.
  • Derive how gradients flow through a residual connection y = x + F(x). Show that ∂L/∂x = ∂L/∂y · (1 + ∂F/∂x), explain why the identity shortcut helps with vanishing gradients, and discuss how pre-norm vs post-norm LayerNorm placement changes things.
  • Walk through converting an FP32 model to FP16 or BF16: cover the IEEE-754 layout differences in terms of range vs precision, where overflow and underflow tend to occur (softmax, gradient accumulation, loss), why mixed-precision training keeps a master FP32 weight copy, how dynamic loss scaling works, and how BF16 changes the trade-offs relative to FP16. Be prepared to compute representable ranges and identify which operations you'd keep in FP32.

“The derivation itself wasn't too bad once I wrote it out.”

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Microsoft·Software Engineer·Hiring Manager Screen

May 2026
Microsoft interview with a single behavioral/project question. Pretty light on details but the core ask was about a hard project and what you'd change looking back.
  • Tell me about the most challenging project you've worked on and how you would improve it if you could do it over.

“I rambled a bit picking which project to talk about, which probably wasn't a great look.”

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Microsoft·Software Engineer·Onsite - Behavioral / Leadership

May 2026
Microsoft behavioral round focused almost entirely on one question about working in ambiguity, but the follow-ups kept coming for a solid chunk of the conversation. More probing than I expected for what looked like a standard behavioral screen.
  • Tell me about a time you had to complete a task with very little information or guidance. How did you figure out what to do, what got in your way, and how did you work through it?

“This felt manageable until the follow-ups started stacking.”

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Microsoft·Product Manager·Onsite - Product Sense / Strategy

May 2026
PM interview at Microsoft, one product design question set inside the Microsoft ecosystem. Pretty open-ended and I kept second-guessing how narrow or broad to go with the scope.
  • Design a health app that fits within the Microsoft product ecosystem.

“I spent way too long on the problem space and barely got to the actual product before time ran out.”

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Microsoft·Software Engineer·Technical Phone Screen

May 2026
Interviewed for a data engineer role at Microsoft, got a SQL-flavored problem around campaign purchase data. Not a lot of context in the original post but it seemed like a technical screen of some kind.
  • Given a dataset of purchases and campaign data, write a query to find all purchases that were influenced by a campaign.

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Microsoft·Software Engineer·Onsite - System Design / Architecture

May 2026
Microsoft system design round, one question, pretty open-ended. Not a lot of context given upfront so you kind of have to drive the whole thing yourself.
  • Design Reddit's homepage.

“I jumped straight into the feed ranking algorithm and the interviewer had to pull me back to basics.”

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Microsoft·Software Engineer·Technical Phone Screen

May 2026
Microsoft SWE interview with a graph problem that looks manageable until you realize the solution needs two separate algorithms chained together. Not a bad experience, just a lot to hold in your head at once.
  • Given an undirected weighted connected graph with n nodes, define a 'restricted path' as one that goes from node 1 to node n where each step moves to a node strictly closer to node n (by shortest distance). Count the number of such restricted paths modulo 10^9 + 7.

“I knew Dijkstra immediately but blanked on what to do after.”

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Microsoft·Machine Learning Engineer·Technical Phone Screen

May 2026
Microsoft MLE interview, pretty standard fundamentals round covering both classical ML and LLM-specific topics. Nothing too exotic but you need to be sharp on the basics or it shows fast.
  • What are some techniques to prevent overfitting in machine learning models?
  • What is the difference between precision and recall, and when would you prioritize one over the other?
  • Can you explain the difference between bagging and boosting?
  • What evaluation metrics do you commonly use for ML models, and how do you choose between them?
  • How does self-attention work in transformer-based models?
  • What is prompt engineering and what are some strategies you'd use to improve model outputs?
  • What is fine-tuning and how does it differ from training a model from scratch?
  • Can you explain parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods and why they matter?

“Ran through regularization, dropout, early stopping, more data.”

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Microsoft·Product Manager·Onsite - Product Sense / Strategy

May 2026
Microsoft PM interview with a product design question about building a digital library for kids. Pretty open-ended and I wasn't sure how deep to go on the user research side versus the product features.
  • How would you design a digital library product aimed at getting kids to read more?

“I started with the user segmentation and probably spent too long on it.”

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